Predictors of outcome after open repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Background: To determine predictors associated with early hospital death, 30-day mortality, and long-term survival after open surgical treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAAs).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 127 consecutive patients who received open surgical treatment of a RAAA at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, from February 1994 to May 2007. Data recorded included patient characteristics, medical history, perioperative variables, and outcomes.

Results: There were 104 men and 23 women with a mean age of 70 ∓ 12 years in the analysis. Patients with RAAAs were classified into two groups; 100 (78.7%) patients were classified as group I (hemodynamically stable), and 27 (21.3%) patients were classified as group II (hemodynamically unstable at arrival). The 30-day mortality was 22% for group I and 74.1% for group II. Multivariate analysis identified age > 75 years old (odds ratio [OR], 0.083; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.02-0.36), hemodynamically unstable state (OR, 0.081; 95% CI 0.016-0.4), blood transfusion > 5 L (OR, 0.14; 95% CI 0.038-0.54), intraperitoneal rupture (OR, 7.2; 95% CI 1.4-36), urine output < 0.5 mL/kg/min (OR, 22; 95% CI 4.6-110), and suprarenal cross-clamping (OR, 0.083; 95% CI 0.019-0.36) as incremental risk factors for 30-day mortality.

Conclusion: Significant predictors of mortality in patients with RAAAs include hemodynamically unstable state, age > 75 years old, intraperitoneal rupture, low intraoperative urine output, and suprarenal cross-clamping.