[突尼斯医院人群中年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)的患病率和危险因素]。

L El Matri, R Bouraoui, A Chebil, F Kort, R Limaiem, M Bouladi, F Mghaieth
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:描述突尼斯医院人群中年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)的患病率和危险因素。患者和方法:在2004年8月至2009年2月期间,共有2204名50岁及以上的受试者参加了一项前瞻性研究。回顾病史。受试者接受完整的眼科检查,包括最佳矫正视力和裂隙灯生物显微镜及眼底检查。眼底检查如发现AMD的临床特征,行眼底摄影及荧光素血管造影。病例分为早期和晚期AMD。结果:晚期AMD患病率高于早期AMD。重要的危险因素是年龄、男性、吸烟、过度的阳光照射和少吃鱼。心血管疾病、糖尿病和血脂异常与AMD的高患病率没有显著相关性。结论:AMD是一种多因素疾病。在我们突尼斯医院的人群中,AMD的患病率高于欧洲人群。这可以用遗传差异或风险因素来解释。年龄、吸烟和阳光照射与突尼斯AMD患病率增加有关。
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[Prevalence and risk factors of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Tunisian hospital population].

Purpose: To describe the prevalence and the risk factors for the age related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Tunisian hospital population.

Patients and methods: A total of 2204 subjects 50 years of age and older were enrolled in a prospective study conducted between august 2004 and February 2009. Medical history was reviewed. Subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including best corrected visual acuity and slit lamp biomicroscopy with fundus examination. Fundus photography and fluorescein angiography were performed if clinical features of AMD were observed on fundus examination. Cases were classified in early and late stages of AMD.

Results: The prevalence of late AMD was higher than early AMD. Significant risk factors are age, male gender, smoking, excessive sunlight exposure and poor consumption of fish. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and dyslipimia were not significantly associated to a high prevalence of AMD.

Conclusion: AMD is a multifactorial disease. In our Tunisian hospital population, the prevalence of AMD was higher than in the Europeen population. It can be explained by genetic differences or risk factors. Age, cigarette smoking and sunlight exposure were associated with increasing prevalence of AMD in Tunisia.

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