母亲糖尿病对导致后代疾病的表观遗传修饰的影响。

Experimental Diabetes Research Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-11-22 DOI:10.1155/2012/538474
Nikolaos Vrachnis, Nikolaos Antonakopoulos, Zoe Iliodromiti, Konstantinos Dafopoulos, Charalambos Siristatidis, Kalliopi I Pappa, Efthymios Deligeoroglou, Nicolaos Vitoratos
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引用次数: 94

摘要

妊娠期糖尿病是发生在母体生命中妊娠高血糖期的一种病理状态,可增加母胎并发症的发生率。因此,暴露于不利的胎儿和产后早期环境的后代可能在以后的生活中表现出对许多慢性病的易感性增加。表观遗传传递在这些并发症中的作用的有力证据来自于对母亲患糖尿病前后出生的兄弟姐妹的比较,暴露于这种宫内糖尿病环境会导致胎儿生长模式的改变,从而使这些婴儿在以后的生活中更容易发生超重和肥胖。除了遗传易感性外,后代的糖尿病也主要是暴露于糖尿病宫内环境的结果。由于已知肥胖和糖尿病会增加心血管疾病的风险,因此糖尿病母亲的后代患心血管疾病的后遗症几乎是不可避免的。研究数据还表明,怀孕期间暴露于糖尿病宫内环境与后代血脂异常、亚临床血管炎症和内皮功能障碍过程的增加有关,所有这些都与生命后期心血管疾病的发展有关。主要的潜在机制包括持续高血糖、高胰岛素血症和瘦素抵抗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Impact of maternal diabetes on epigenetic modifications leading to diseases in the offspring.

Gestational diabetes, occurring during the hyperglycemic period of pregnancy in maternal life, is a pathologic state that increases the incidence of complications in both mother and fetus. Offspring thus exposed to an adverse fetal and early postnatal environment may manifest increased susceptibility to a number of chronic diseases later in life. Compelling evidence for the role of epigenetic transmission in these complications has come from comparison of siblings born before and after the development of maternal diabetes, exposure to this intrauterine diabetic environment being shown to cause alterations in fetal growth patterns which predispose these infants to developing overweight and obesity later in life. Diabetes of the offspring is also mainly the consequence of exposure to the diabetic intrauterine environment, in addition to genetic susceptibility. Since obesity and diabetes are known to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular sequelae in the offspring of diabetic mothers are virtually inevitable. Research data also suggest that exposure to a diabetic intrauterine environment during pregnancy is associated with an increase in dyslipidemia, subclinical vascular inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction processes in the offspring, all of which are linked with development of cardiovascular disease later in life. The main underlying mechanisms involve persistent hyperglycemia hyperinsulinemia and leptin resistance.

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来源期刊
Experimental Diabetes Research
Experimental Diabetes Research 医学-内分泌学与代谢
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