骨科植入物感染,重点是细菌粘附过程和细菌与材料相互作用的研究技术。

Biomatter Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI:10.4161/biom.22905
Marta Ribeiro, Fernando J Monteiro, Maria P Ferraz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在骨科植入物感染的所有病原体中,葡萄球菌占三分之二,它们是影响骨骼的两大类感染的主要致病菌:化脓性关节炎和骨髓炎,后者涉及关节和骨骼的炎性破坏。细菌粘附是植入物感染的第一步,也是最重要的一步。这是一个复杂的过程,受环境因素、细菌特性、材料表面特性以及血清或组织蛋白存在的影响。基质的特性,如材料的化学成分、表面电荷、疏水性、表面粗糙度和表面特定蛋白质的存在,都被认为在最初的细胞附着过程中非常重要。感染细菌在植入物表面的生物膜生长模式可保护生物体免受宿主免疫系统和抗生素治疗的侵害。抗生素耐药细菌的出现激发了对新型治疗策略的研究。这项研究将概述细菌粘附的机制和因素、目前用于研究细菌与材料相互作用的技术,并对该领域的未来发展方向提出见解。
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Infection of orthopedic implants with emphasis on bacterial adhesion process and techniques used in studying bacterial-material interactions.

Staphylococcus comprises up to two-thirds of all pathogens in orthopedic implant infections and they are the principal causative agents of two major types of infection affecting bone: septic arthritis and osteomyelitis, which involve the inflammatory destruction of joint and bone. Bacterial adhesion is the first and most important step in implant infection. It is a complex process influenced by environmental factors, bacterial properties, material surface properties and by the presence of serum or tissue proteins. Properties of the substrate, such as chemical composition of the material, surface charge, hydrophobicity, surface roughness and the presence of specific proteins at the surface, are all thought to be important in the initial cell attachment process. The biofilm mode of growth of infecting bacteria on an implant surface protects the organisms from the host immune system and antibiotic therapy. The research for novel therapeutic strategies is incited by the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This work will provide an overview of the mechanisms and factors involved in bacterial adhesion, the techniques that are currently being used studying bacterial-material interactions as well as provide insight into future directions in the field.

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