{"title":"GnRH、LH、FSH及其受体在人和大鼠胃肠道中的表达和分布","authors":"Elin Sand , Monika Bergvall , Eva Ekblad , Mauro D'Amato , Bodil Ohlsson","doi":"10.1016/j.regpep.2013.09.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone<span> (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulate the reproductive axis. Their analogs have been found to influence gastrointestinal activity and enteric neuronal survival. The aims of the study were to investigate expression and cellular distribution of GnRH, LH, and FSH and their receptors in human and rat </span></span>gastrointestinal tract.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>Bioinformatic analysis of publicly available microarray gene expression data and Real-Time PCR mRNA quantification were used to study </span>mRNA expression levels of hormones and receptors in human intestinal tissue. Full-thickness sections of human ileum and colon, and rat stomach, ileum, and colon, were used for </span>immunocytochemistry<span>. Antibodies against human neuronal protein HuC/D (HuC/D) were used as general neuronal marker. LH and FSH, and GnRH-, LH-, and FSH receptor immunoreactive (IR) neurons were evaluated.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>GnRH1 mRNA was detected in both small and large intestine, whereas GnRH2 was mainly expressed in </span>small intestine<span>. Approximately 20% of both submucous and myenteric neurons displayed LH receptor immunoreactivity in human ileum and colon. In rat, 4%–9% of all enteric neurons in fundus and ileum, and 13% of submucous neurons and 21% of myenteric neurons in colon were LH receptor-IR. Neither mRNA (man) nor the fully expressed proteins (man and rat) of LH and FSH, or GnRH and FSH receptors, could be detected.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>GnRH1 and GnRH2 mRNA are expressed in human intestine. LH receptor-IR enteric neurons are found along the entire gastrointestinal tract in both man and rat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20853,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Peptides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.regpep.2013.09.002","citationCount":"25","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Expression and distribution of GnRH, LH, and FSH and their receptors in gastrointestinal tract of man and rat\",\"authors\":\"Elin Sand , Monika Bergvall , Eva Ekblad , Mauro D'Amato , Bodil Ohlsson\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.regpep.2013.09.002\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone<span> (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulate the reproductive axis. Their analogs have been found to influence gastrointestinal activity and enteric neuronal survival. The aims of the study were to investigate expression and cellular distribution of GnRH, LH, and FSH and their receptors in human and rat </span></span>gastrointestinal tract.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>Bioinformatic analysis of publicly available microarray gene expression data and Real-Time PCR mRNA quantification were used to study </span>mRNA expression levels of hormones and receptors in human intestinal tissue. Full-thickness sections of human ileum and colon, and rat stomach, ileum, and colon, were used for </span>immunocytochemistry<span>. Antibodies against human neuronal protein HuC/D (HuC/D) were used as general neuronal marker. LH and FSH, and GnRH-, LH-, and FSH receptor immunoreactive (IR) neurons were evaluated.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>GnRH1 mRNA was detected in both small and large intestine, whereas GnRH2 was mainly expressed in </span>small intestine<span>. Approximately 20% of both submucous and myenteric neurons displayed LH receptor immunoreactivity in human ileum and colon. In rat, 4%–9% of all enteric neurons in fundus and ileum, and 13% of submucous neurons and 21% of myenteric neurons in colon were LH receptor-IR. Neither mRNA (man) nor the fully expressed proteins (man and rat) of LH and FSH, or GnRH and FSH receptors, could be detected.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>GnRH1 and GnRH2 mRNA are expressed in human intestine. LH receptor-IR enteric neurons are found along the entire gastrointestinal tract in both man and rat.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20853,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Regulatory Peptides\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2013-11-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.regpep.2013.09.002\",\"citationCount\":\"25\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Regulatory Peptides\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167011513001353\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Regulatory Peptides","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167011513001353","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Expression and distribution of GnRH, LH, and FSH and their receptors in gastrointestinal tract of man and rat
Background
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulate the reproductive axis. Their analogs have been found to influence gastrointestinal activity and enteric neuronal survival. The aims of the study were to investigate expression and cellular distribution of GnRH, LH, and FSH and their receptors in human and rat gastrointestinal tract.
Methods
Bioinformatic analysis of publicly available microarray gene expression data and Real-Time PCR mRNA quantification were used to study mRNA expression levels of hormones and receptors in human intestinal tissue. Full-thickness sections of human ileum and colon, and rat stomach, ileum, and colon, were used for immunocytochemistry. Antibodies against human neuronal protein HuC/D (HuC/D) were used as general neuronal marker. LH and FSH, and GnRH-, LH-, and FSH receptor immunoreactive (IR) neurons were evaluated.
Results
GnRH1 mRNA was detected in both small and large intestine, whereas GnRH2 was mainly expressed in small intestine. Approximately 20% of both submucous and myenteric neurons displayed LH receptor immunoreactivity in human ileum and colon. In rat, 4%–9% of all enteric neurons in fundus and ileum, and 13% of submucous neurons and 21% of myenteric neurons in colon were LH receptor-IR. Neither mRNA (man) nor the fully expressed proteins (man and rat) of LH and FSH, or GnRH and FSH receptors, could be detected.
Conclusions
GnRH1 and GnRH2 mRNA are expressed in human intestine. LH receptor-IR enteric neurons are found along the entire gastrointestinal tract in both man and rat.
期刊介绍：
Regulatory Peptides provides a medium for the rapid publication of interdisciplinary studies on the physiology and pathology of peptides of the gut, endocrine and nervous systems which regulate cell or tissue function. Articles emphasizing these objectives may be based on either fundamental or clinical observations obtained through the disciplines of morphology, cytochemistry, biochemistry, physiology, pathology, pharmacology or psychology.
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