Praveena Gunaratnam, Sean Tobin, Holly Seale, Jeremy M McAnulty
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引用次数: 11
摘要
目的:量化新南威尔士州由海外旅行导致的选定通报疾病的比例,评估与旅行相关的风险因素数据的质量,为预防战略提供信息。方法:从新南威尔士州通报条件信息管理系统中提取2010年和2011年登革热、甲型肝炎、戊型肝炎、疟疾、副伤寒、志贺氏菌病和伤寒的通报数据,分析与旅行相关的危险因素。结果:在已知感染地的地区,境外感染的病例比例从志贺氏菌病的48.7%到E型肝炎、疟疾和伤寒的100%不等。半数以上的甲型肝炎(53.3%)、戊型肝炎(74.2%)、疟疾(54.5%)、副伤寒(53.3%)和伤寒(65.7%)病例与到出生国旅行有关。境外获得性甲型肝炎接种率明显低于本地获得性甲型肝炎接种率(4.8% vs 22.2%, Χ(2)=6.58)。结论:境外获得性甲型肝炎病例通报中有很大一部分与境外旅行有关。应使所有可能的旅行者了解风险和现有的预防措施,例如接种甲型肝炎和伤寒疫苗,采取食物和水预防措施,并酌情使用疟疾化学预防措施。改进关于风险因素、旅行原因和使用预防措施障碍的数据将更好地为预防战略提供信息。
Infectious diseases in returned travellers, NSW, 2010-2011.
Aim: To quantify the proportion of selected notified diseases in NSW attributable to overseas travel and assess the quality of data on travel-associated risk factors, to inform prevention strategies.
Methods: 2010 and 2011 notification data for dengue, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, malaria, paratyphoid fever, shigellosis and typhoid fever were extracted from the NSW Notifiable Conditions Information Management System and analysed for travel-associated risk factors.
Results: Where place of acquisition was known, the proportion of cases for whom the disease was acquired overseas ranged from 48.7% for shigellosis to 100% for hepatitis E, malaria and typhoid. Over half of hepatitis A (53.3%), hepatitis E (74.2%), malaria (54.5%), paratyphoid (53.3%) and typhoid (65.7%) cases were associated with travel to the person's country of birth. Hepatitis A vaccination rates were significantly lower among overseas-acquired than locally-acquired cases (4.8% vs 22.2%, Χ(2)=6.58, p<0.02).
Conclusion: A large proportion of selected enteric and vectorborne disease case notifications were associated with overseas travel. All potential travellers should be made aware of the risks and available preventive measures, such as vaccination against hepatitis A and typhoid fever, taking precautions with food and water and use of malaria chemoprophylaxis, where appropriate. Improvements in data on risk factors, reason for travel and barriers to the use of preventive measures would better inform prevention strategies.