Sierra Thompson, Laura Muzinic, Christopher Muzinic, Matthew L Niemiller, S Randal Voss
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引用次数: 15
摘要
多种因素通过改变四肢发育和再生的过程被认为是导致两栖动物群体肢体异常的原因。我们在Ambystoma Genetic Stock Center (AGSC)对成年和幼年美西蝾螈(Ambystoma mexicanum)进行肢体和手指畸形检查,以研究咬伤后正常再生的可能性。我们观察到80%的蝾螈幼虫在从群体居住过渡到单独居住时出现咬伤的证据。在调查的717只成年美西螈中,包括独居的雄性和群居的雌性,大约一半出现异常,包括多余或缺失的手指和四肢,融合的手指,以及从非典型解剖位置生长的手指。咬伤可能解释了这些肢体缺陷,而不是发育异常,因为正常解剖结构的肢体在进行吻侧截肢后再生。我们推断,只有43%的AGSC幼虫在遭受咬伤后会呈现四条解剖上正常的成年四肢。结果表明,咬伤后正常肢体的再生不完全。
Probability of Regenerating a Normal Limb After Bite Injury in the Mexican Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).
Multiple factors are thought to cause limb abnormalities in amphibian populations by altering processes of limb development and regeneration. We examined adult and juvenile axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) in the Ambystoma Genetic Stock Center (AGSC) for limb and digit abnormalities to investigate the probability of normal regeneration after bite injury. We observed that 80% of larval salamanders show evidence of bite injury at the time of transition from group housing to solitary housing. Among 717 adult axolotls that were surveyed, which included solitary-housed males and group-housed females, approximately half presented abnormalities, including examples of extra or missing digits and limbs, fused digits, and digits growing from atypical anatomical positions. Bite injury likely explains these limb defects, and not abnormal development, because limbs with normal anatomy regenerated after performing rostral amputations. We infer that only 43% of AGSC larvae will present four anatomically normal looking adult limbs after incurring a bite injury. Our results show regeneration of normal limb anatomy to be less than perfect after bite injury.