斑马鱼成体神经干细胞的行为是构成性和恢复性神经发生的基础。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-05-02 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI:10.1080/23262133.2016.1148101
Joana S Barbosa, Jovica Ninkovic
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引用次数: 23

摘要

成体神经干细胞(aNSCs)产生新的神经元,整合到脊椎动物大脑特定位置的预先存在的网络中。此外,在一些非哺乳动物的脊椎动物中,aNSCs对大脑再生有新的神经元贡献。在完整和再生的大脑中,控制神经发生的细胞和分子过程的异同仍有待评估。为此,我们最近建立了一种无创成像方案,用于在成年完整和再生的斑马鱼端脑的体内生态位中观察aNSC的行为。我们在完整的大脑中观察到不同的aNSC分裂模式,以及一种通过直接转化的新神经发生模式,这种模式有助于干细胞随着年龄的增长而耗损。损伤后,通过激活额外的aNSCs和改变aNSCs的分裂模式来增加神经元的生成,从而有助于成功的神经元再生。我们观察到的细胞行为打开了关于长期内稳态和再生中aNSC维持的新问题。在这篇评论中,我们讨论了我们的数据和在斑马鱼以及包括哺乳动物在内的其他物种的aNSC行为背景下出现的新问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Adult neural stem cell behavior underlying constitutive and restorative neurogenesis in zebrafish.

Adult Neural Stem Cells (aNSCs) generate new neurons that integrate into the pre-existing networks in specific locations of the Vertebrate brain. Moreover, aNSCs contribute with new neurons to brain regeneration in some non-mammalian Vertebrates. The similarities and the differences in the cellular and molecular processes governing neurogenesis in the intact and regenerating brain are still to be assessed. Toward this end, we recently established a protocol for non-invasive imaging of aNSC behavior in their niche in vivo in the adult intact and regenerating zebrafish telencephalon. We observed different modes of aNSC division in the intact brain and a novel mode of neurogenesis by direct conversion, which contributes to stem cell depletion with age. After injury, the generation of neurons is increased both by the activation of additional aNSCs and a shift in the division mode of aNSCs, thereby contributing to the successful neuronal regeneration. The cellular behavior we observed opens new questions regarding long-term aNSC maintenance in homeostasis and in regeneration. In this commentary we discuss our data and new questions arising in the context of aNSC behavior, not only in zebrafish but also in other species, including mammals.

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