9-12年级学生的性别认同、性接触的性别和健康相关行为——美国和部分地区,2015。

IF 37.3 1区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Mmwr Surveillance Summaries Pub Date : 2016-08-12 DOI:10.15585/mmwr.ss6509a1
Laura Kann, Emily O'Malley Olsen, Tim McManus, William A Harris, Shari L Shanklin, Katherine H Flint, Barbara Queen, Richard Lowry, David Chyen, Lisa Whittle, Jemekia Thornton, Connie Lim, Yoshimi Yamakawa, Nancy Brener, Stephanie Zaza
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引用次数: 450

摘要

问题:性身份和性接触的性别都可以用来识别性少数青年。性少数群体和非性少数群体青年之间存在显著的健康差异。然而,对于性少数群体中导致负面健康结果的与健康相关的行为,以及这些与健康相关的行为的流行程度与非性少数群体中与健康相关的行为的流行程度相比,我们所知的还不够。报告期:2014年9月- 2015年12月。系统描述:青少年风险行为监测系统(YRBSS)监测青少年和年轻人中六类优先与健康相关的行为:1)导致意外伤害和暴力的行为;2)烟草使用;3)酗酒和吸毒;4)与意外怀孕和性传播感染(包括人类免疫缺陷病毒感染)有关的性行为;5)不健康的饮食行为;6)缺乏运动。此外,YRBSS还监测肥胖、哮喘和其他重点健康相关行为的患病率。青少年风险行为调查包括由疾病预防控制中心开展的全国校本青少年风险行为调查(YRBS),以及由州和地方教育和卫生机构开展的州和大城市学区校本青少年风险行为调查。在2015年的YRBSS周期中,首次在全国YRBS问卷以及各州和大城市学区使用的标准YRBS问卷中增加了确定性别认同和确定性接触性别的问题,作为其YRBS问卷的起点。本报告总结了2015年全国调查、25个州调查和19个大型城市学区对9-12年级学生进行的性别认同和性接触性别调查中118种健康相关行为以及肥胖、超重和哮喘的结果。结果:在全国18种与暴力相关的危险行为中,男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋学生中16的患病率高于异性恋学生,仅与同性或两性发生性接触的学生中15的患病率高于仅与异性发生性接触的学生。在13种与烟草使用相关的危险行为中,男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋学生中11种行为的患病率高于异性恋学生,仅与同性或两性发生性接触的学生中10种行为的患病率高于仅与异性发生性接触的学生。同样,在19种与酒精或其他药物使用相关的危险行为中,男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋学生中18的患病率高于异性恋学生,仅与同性或两性发生性接触的学生中17的患病率高于仅与异性发生性接触的学生。这种模式在六种性危险行为中也很明显。其中五种行为在男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋学生中的患病率高于异性恋学生,四种行为在仅与同性或两性发生性接触的学生中的患病率高于仅与异性发生性接触的学生。在避孕措施的使用、饮食行为和身体活动方面没有明显的差异模式。解释:大多数性少数学生成功地处理了从童年到青春期到成年的过渡,成为健康和有生产力的成年人。然而,该报告证明,性少数学生与非性少数学生相比,在许多危害健康的行为中患病率更高。公共卫生行动:为了缩小性少数学生在危害健康行为方面的差异,必须提高对这一问题的认识;促进获得教育、卫生保健和基于证据的干预措施,旨在解决性少数青年中优先考虑的健康风险行为;并继续在国家、州和大型城市学区层面实施性少数群体青少年健康行为调查,以记录和监测广泛的政策和方案干预措施对性少数群体青少年健康行为的影响。
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Sexual Identity, Sex of Sexual Contacts, and Health-Related Behaviors Among Students in Grades 9-12 - United States and Selected Sites, 2015.

Problem: Sexual identity and sex of sexual contacts can both be used to identify sexual minority youth. Significant health disparities exist between sexual minority and nonsexual minority youth. However, not enough is known about health-related behaviors that contribute to negative health outcomes among sexual minority youth and how the prevalence of these health-related behaviors compare with the prevalence of health-related behaviors among nonsexual minorities.

Reporting period: September 2014-December 2015.

Description of the system: The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-related behaviors among youth and young adults: 1) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence; 2) tobacco use; 3) alcohol and other drug use; 4) sexual behaviors related to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus infection; 5) unhealthy dietary behaviors; and 6) physical inactivity. In addition, YRBSS monitors the prevalence of obesity and asthma and other priority health-related behaviors. YRBSS includes a national school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) conducted by CDC and state and large urban school district school-based YRBSs conducted by state and local education and health agencies. For the 2015 YRBSS cycle, a question to ascertain sexual identity and a question to ascertain sex of sexual contacts was added for the first time to the national YRBS questionnaire and to the standard YRBS questionnaire used by the states and large urban school districts as a starting point for their YRBS questionnaires. This report summarizes results for 118 health-related behaviors plus obesity, overweight, and asthma by sexual identity and sex of sexual contacts from the 2015 national survey, 25 state surveys, and 19 large urban school district surveys conducted among students in grades 9-12.

Results: Across the 18 violence-related risk behaviors nationwide, the prevalence of 16 was higher among gay, lesbian, and bisexual students than heterosexual students and the prevalence of 15 was higher among students who had sexual contact with only the same sex or with both sexes than students who had sexual contact with only the opposite sex. Across the 13 tobacco use-related risk behaviors, the prevalence of 11 was higher among gay, lesbian, and bisexual students than heterosexual students and the prevalence of 10 was higher among students who had sexual contact with only the same sex or with both sexes than students who had sexual contact with only the opposite sex. Similarly, across the 19 alcohol or other drug use-related risk behaviors, the prevalence of 18 was higher among gay, lesbian, and bisexual students than heterosexual students and the prevalence of 17 was higher among students who had sexual contact with only the same sex or with both sexes than students who had sexual contact with only the opposite sex. This pattern also was evident across the six sexual risk behaviors. The prevalence of five of these behaviors was higher among gay, lesbian, and bisexual students than heterosexual students and the prevalence of four was higher among students who had sexual contact with only the same sex or with both sexes than students who had sexual contact with only the opposite sex. No clear pattern of differences emerged for birth control use, dietary behaviors, and physical activity.

Interpretation: The majority of sexual minority students cope with the transition from childhood through adolescence to adulthood successfully and become healthy and productive adults. However, this report documents that sexual minority students have a higher prevalence of many health-risk behaviors compared with nonsexual minority students.

Public health action: To reduce the disparities in health-risk behaviors among sexual minority students, it is important to raise awareness of the problem; facilitate access to education, health care, and evidence-based interventions designed to address priority health-risk behaviors among sexual minority youth; and continue to implement YRBSS at the national, state, and large urban school district levels to document and monitor the effect of broad policy and programmatic interventions on the health-related behaviors of sexual minority youth.

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来源期刊
Mmwr Surveillance Summaries
Mmwr Surveillance Summaries PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
60.50
自引率
1.20%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series, produced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is commonly referred to as "the voice of CDC." Serving as the primary outlet for timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and practical public health information and recommendations, the MMWR is a crucial publication. Its readership primarily includes physicians, nurses, public health practitioners, epidemiologists, scientists, researchers, educators, and laboratorians.
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