溶瘤病毒治疗癌症。

IF 6.7 Oncolytic Virotherapy Pub Date : 2013-09-23 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI:10.2147/OV.S38901
Joe Goldufsky, Shanthi Sivendran, Sara Harcharik, Michael Pan, Sebastian Bernardo, Richard H Stern, Philip Friedlander, Carl E Ruby, Yvonne Saenger, Howard L Kaufman
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引用次数: 50

摘要

使用溶瘤病毒治疗癌症是基于选择嗜热带肿瘤病毒或产生复制选择性载体,这些载体可以直接杀死受感染的肿瘤细胞,或通过额外暴露于辐射或化疗增加其对细胞死亡和凋亡的易感性。此外,可以修改病毒载体,以促进更有效的肿瘤细胞死亡,改善毒性谱,和/或产生宿主抗肿瘤免疫。多种病毒已被开发用于溶瘤治疗,包括腺病毒、牛痘病毒、疱疹病毒、柯萨奇A病毒、新城疫病毒和呼肠孤病毒。溶瘤病毒治疗的临床发展在过去几年中加速了,有几种载体进入了各种癌症的临床试验。本文综述了目前优化主要溶瘤病毒治疗效果和安全性的策略,并对目前的临床试验进行了总结。需要进一步的研究来更好地描述溶瘤病毒的临床影响,但越来越多的数据表明,这种方法在治疗人类和动物癌症方面具有潜在的前景。
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Oncolytic virus therapy for cancer.

The use of oncolytic viruses to treat cancer is based on the selection of tropic tumor viruses or the generation of replication selective vectors that can either directly kill infected tumor cells or increase their susceptibility to cell death and apoptosis through additional exposure to radiation or chemotherapy. In addition, viral vectors can be modified to promote more potent tumor cell death, improve the toxicity profile, and/or generate host antitumor immunity. A variety of viruses have been developed as oncolytic therapeutics, including adenovirus, vaccinia virus, herpesvirus, coxsackie A virus, Newcastle disease virus, and reovirus. The clinical development of oncolytic viral therapy has accelerated in the last few years, with several vectors entering clinical trials for a variety of cancers. In this review, current strategies to optimize the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of the major oncolytic viruses are discussed, and a summary of current clinical trials is provided. Further investigation is needed to characterize better the clinical impact of oncolytic viruses, but there are increasing data demonstrating the potential promise of this approach for the treatment of human and animal cancers.

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