[水稻秸秆降解菌群的特征及微生物群落迁移]。

微生物学报 Pub Date : 2016-12-04
Chunfang Wang, Shichun Ma, Yan Huang, Laiyan Liu, Hui Fan, Yu Deng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:研究微生物群落与水稻秸秆降解率的关系,比较分析秸秆纤维素分解能力、微生物群落结构及群落F1和F2的变化。方法:采用3,5 -二硝基水杨酸比色法测定外葡聚糖酶活性。采用Van Soest法测定稻草中纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的含量,并通过培养10 d前后稻草重量的变化计算稻草的降解率。基于16S rRNA基因和cel48基因,采用克隆文库分析、Miseq分析和real - time-PCR分析比较了微生物群落和功能微生物变化。结果:微生物群落F1的总降解率、纤维素降解率和半纤维素降解率均显著高于F2。微生物群落F1和F2中外葡聚糖酶活性的变化趋势与cel48基因拷贝的变化趋势一致。F1的微生物多样性较为复杂,以好氧菌为优势菌种;F2的微生物多样性较为简单,培养后期厌氧纤维素分解菌比例较高。前4 d, F1和F2均以未分类芽孢杆菌和芽孢杆菌为主。孵育4 d后优势种和丰度有所不同,F1和F2的优势门分别为拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门。虽然在F1和F2中petronas和Pusillimonas是共同的优势种,但F2中petronas的丰度(38.30%)显著高于F1 (9.47%), F2中Clostridiales OPB54的丰度在培养8 d后增加到14.85%。结论:cel48基因丰度与纤维素降解速率和外葡聚糖酶活性有关,具有作为纤维素降解过程监测分子标记的潜力。微生物群落结构对秸秆纤维素的降解效率有显著影响,其中油单胞菌、Paenibacillus、芽孢杆菌、梭菌属(Clostridiales)是分解水稻秸秆的微生物群落F1和F2的重要物种。
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[Characterization and microbial community shifts of rice strawdegrading microbial consortia].

Objective: To study the relationship between microbial community and degradation rate of rice straw, we compared and analyzed cellulose-decomposing ability, microbial community structures and shifts of microbial consortia F1 and F2.

Methods: We determined exoglucanase activity by 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry. We determined content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in rice straw by Van Soest method, and calculated degradation rates of rice straw by the weight changes before and after a 10-day incubation. We analyzed and compared the microbial communities and functional microbiology shifts by clone libraries, Miseq analysis and real time-PCR based on the 16S rRNA gene and cel48 genes.

Results: Total degradation rate, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation rate of microbial consortia F1 were significantly higher than that of F2. The variation trend of exoglucanase activity in both microbial consortia F1 and F2 was consistent with that of cel48 gene copies. Microbial diversity of F1 was complex with aerobic bacteria as dominant species, whereas that of F2 was simple with a high proportion of anaerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria in the later stage of incubation. In the first 4 days, unclassified Bacillales and Bacillus were dominant in both F1 and F2. The dominant species and abundance became different after 4-day incubation, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were dominant phyla of F1 and F2, respectively. Although Petrimonas and Pusillimonas were common dominant species in F1 and F2, abundance of Petrimonas in F2 (38.30%) was significantly higher than that in F1 (9.47%), and the abundance of Clostridiales OPB54 in F2 increased to 14.85% after 8-day incubation.

Conclusion: The abundance of cel48 gene related with cellulose degradation rate and exoglucanase activity, and cel48 gene has the potential as a molecular marker to monitor the process of cellulose degradation. Microbial community structure has a remarkable impact on the degradation efficiency of straw cellulose, and Petrimonas, Paenibacillus, Bacillales, Clostridiales were vital species for microbial consortia F1 and F2 decomposing rice straw.

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期刊介绍: Acta Microbiologica Sinica(AMS) is a peer-reviewed monthly (one volume per year)international journal,founded in 1953.It covers a wide range of topics in the areas of general and applied microbiology.The journal publishes original papers,reviews in microbiological science,and short communications describing unusual observations. Acta Microbiologica Sinica has been indexed in Index Copernicus (IC),Chemical Abstract (CA),Excerpt Medica Database (EMBASE),AJ of Viniti (Russia),Biological Abstracts (BA),Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China(ISTIC),Chinese Journal Citation Report(CJCR),Chinese Biological Abstracts,Chinese Pharmaceutical Abstracts,Chinese Medical Abstracts and Chinese Science Abstracts.
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