(秋明地区棘球蚴病现代流行病学情况)。

V V Metodyev, D R Sabirova, M I Belyaeva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

所进行的研究可以得出结论,秋明地区农业最发达的地区(人口占农村人口的14.1%)是棘球蚴病的流行地区。发病率有明显的上升趋势(增长率=+ 5.7%)。在流行区的两个选定地区(7个农村地区和3个城市地区),棘球蚴病的发病率在统计上存在显著差异,占秋明地区人口的66.7%;-棘球蚴病发病率的危险群体是当地村民,饲养家畜和狗;经常到附近森林采集浆果和野生植物的城市居民、劳动年龄的人、有多年经验的猎人;感染的危险期在6 - 9月。作为媒介的农业动物中棘球蚴的宿主居首位的是羊,居第二位的是牛,居第三位的是猪,棘球蚴病流行地区的患病率分别是无发病登记的非流行地区的5.6倍、2.7倍和3.8倍。所得结果可建议优化棘球蚴病流行病学监测和寄生虫学监测的措施:各机构、医疗组织、Rospotrebnadzor、Rosselkhoznadzor和狩猎经济管理部门之间建立更清晰、更连贯的关系和相互作用;在定居点和priusadeb- nyh地区(土壤、底部沉积物,特别是没有排水沟和储水罐的地区)扩大六角草囊对环境污染的研究;对人口进行大规模血清学筛查,主要是在农村流行地区,以确定免疫部分、性别、年龄和专业群体中的危险群体,以评估地方病的水平;明确具体情况下的传播途径和传播因素,对组织有效的预防措施具有重要意义。
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[(MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION ON ECHINOCOCCOSIS IN THE TYUMEN REGION)].

The conducted research allow to conclude that the most developed agricultural area of the Tyumen region with a population comprising of 14,1% of the rural population, is endemic for echinococcosis. The incidence has a pronounced tendencyto increase (Tgrowth=+5.7 percent). Installed a statistically significant difference in the incidence ofechinococ- cosis in two selected areas in endemic zones (7 rural and 3 urban) living in it 60,7% of the population of the Tyumen region; - risk groups in the incidence of echinococcosis are local villagers, containing farm animals and dogs; urban residents who regularly attend the nearby forest to gather berries and wild plants, persons working age, hunters with years of experi- ence; the risk of infection is June - September. The first place among agricultural animals as an intermediate the hosts of Echinococcus is a sheep, the second place - the cattle, the third place - pigs, the prevalence in endemic incidence of echinococcosis people area respectively in 5.6 times, 2.7 times and 3.8 times higher than in non-endemic areas with no registration morbidity people. The obtained results allow to recommend the measures to optimise epidemiological surveil- lance and parasitological monitoring of echinococcosis: a clearer and more coherent relationship and interaction between agencies, medical organizations, Rospotrebnadzor, Rosselkhoznadzor and Management ofhunting economy; the expan- sion of research on contamination ofthe environment by the hexacanth cyst on the territories of settlements and priusadeb- nyh plots (soil, bottom sediments, especially not having drains, water storage tanks); mass serological screening of the population, primarily in rural endemic areas, to determine the immune segment, risk groups among sex, age and profes- sional groups to assess the level of endemic diseases; clarify the ways and factors of transmission in specific conditions, it is important for the organization of effective prevention measures.

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