多语言对神经结构的影响。

IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Behavioral and Brain Functions Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI:10.1186/s12993-019-0157-z
Sayuri Hayakawa, Viorica Marian
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引用次数: 31

摘要

语言有能力塑造认知、行为,甚至大脑的形式和功能。技术和科学的发展最近产生了一套越来越多样化的工具来研究语言改变神经结构和过程的方式。在此,我们回顾了由脑成像揭示的关于多语言使用后果的研究。多语言认知的一个关键特征是两种或两种以上的语言可以同时被激活,这需要控制干扰的机制。因此,管理多种语言的丰富经验会影响认知过程及其神经关联。我们首先简要讨论双语者如何激活语言,以及涉及解决语言冲突的大脑区域。然后,我们回顾了双语经验对支持语言和非语言认知控制、语音处理和产生以及语言学习的神经网络功能和结构的普遍影响的证据。我们得出的结论是,即使是看似不同的语言对认知操作的影响,也可能来自于相互依存的功能,未来的工作直接探索多层处理之间的相互作用,可以为语言如何塑造思维提供更全面的视角。
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Consequences of multilingualism for neural architecture.

Language has the power to shape cognition, behavior, and even the form and function of the brain. Technological and scientific developments have recently yielded an increasingly diverse set of tools with which to study the way language changes neural structures and processes. Here, we review research investigating the consequences of multilingualism as revealed by brain imaging. A key feature of multilingual cognition is that two or more languages can become activated at the same time, requiring mechanisms to control interference. Consequently, extensive experience managing multiple languages can influence cognitive processes as well as their neural correlates. We begin with a brief discussion of how bilinguals activate language, and of the brain regions implicated in resolving language conflict. We then review evidence for the pervasive impact of bilingual experience on the function and structure of neural networks that support linguistic and non-linguistic cognitive control, speech processing and production, and language learning. We conclude that even seemingly distinct effects of language on cognitive operations likely arise from interdependent functions, and that future work directly exploring the interactions between multiple levels of processing could offer a more comprehensive view of how language molds the mind.

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来源期刊
Behavioral and Brain Functions
Behavioral and Brain Functions 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: A well-established journal in the field of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience, Behavioral and Brain Functions welcomes manuscripts which provide insight into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying behavior and brain function, or dysfunction. The journal gives priority to manuscripts that combine both neurobiology and behavior in a non-clinical manner.
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