Changes in characteristics of murine hair follicles and tissue stem cells by aging

The aging process is closely related to the organization of stem cells, and skin is thought to be one of the suitable models for its investigation. We have focused on the murine hair follicle to verify this idea because it shows typical aging phenotypes and is a self-renewing structure reconstituted by its own stem cells. However, how changes in the characteristics of the hair follicle and in the behavior of tissue stem cells in the natural hair cycle occur are not fully understood. We investigated the number, morphology and pigmentation of hair follicles in anagen phases during the aging process. In addition, stem cells for keratinocytes and melanocytes were examined to evaluate the correlation between changes in skin characteristics and the stem cells. The remarkable changes caused by aging appeared to be the significant increase in qualitative phenotypes such as curved hair follicles and white hair. A significant difference between the number of keratinocyte and melanocyte stem cells in the hair bulge region is likely to be involved in these changes. Our findings may be important for understanding the mechanisms of the actions of stem cells on hair regeneration and for clarifying the mechanisms of age-related phenotypes.