Babak Moazen, Kate Dolan, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Masoud Lotfizadeh, Karen Duke, Florian Neuhann, Heino Stöver, Albrecht Jahn
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引用次数: 11
摘要
针头和注射器规划是控制监狱内注射吸毒者感染传播的最有效干预措施之一。我们评估了欧盟国家监狱中nsp的可得性、可及性和覆盖范围。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)标准,我们系统地检索了4个同行评议出版物数据库(MEDLINE (PubMed), ISI Web of Science, EBSCO和ScienceDirect)和53个包含灰色文献的数据库,以收集2008年1月至2018年8月发表的数据。共发现文献23,969份(论文17,297份,灰色文献6,672份),其中26份纳入本研究。2018年,28个欧盟国家的监禁率在芬兰的每10万人中有51人,立陶宛的每10万人中有235人。只有4个国家的监狱中有国家安全服务提供者:德国(在1所监狱中)、卢森堡(没有发现覆盖数据)、罗马尼亚(在50%以上的监狱中)和西班牙(在所有监狱中)。葡萄牙在6个月的试点阶段后停止了NSP。尽管以监狱为基础的国家卫生服务方案对感染传播具有保护作用,但只有4个欧盟国家向在监狱注射毒品的人分发无菌注射器,而且这些国家内项目的覆盖率非常低。由于大多数囚犯最终将返回社区,欧盟监狱中缺乏国家卫生服务提供者不仅对囚犯的健康构成威胁,而且危害公共卫生。
Availability, Accessibility, and Coverage of Needle and Syringe Programs in Prisons in the European Union.
Needle and syringe programs (NSPs) are among the most effective interventions for controlling the transmission of infection among people who inject drugs in prisons. We evaluated the availability, accessibility, and coverage of NSPs in prisons in European Union (EU) countries. In line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, we systematically searched 4 databases of peer-reviewed publications (MEDLINE (PubMed), ISI Web of Science, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect) and 53 databases containing gray literature to collect data published from January 2008 to August 2018. A total of 23,969 documents (17,297 papers and 6,672 gray documents) were identified, of which 26 were included in the study. In 2018, imprisonment rates in 28 EU countries ranged between 51 per 100,000 population in Finland and 235 per 100,000 population in Lithuania. Only 4 countries were found to have NSPs in prisons: Germany (in 1 prison), Luxembourg (no coverage data were found), Romania (available in more than 50% of prisons), and Spain (in all prisons). Portugal stopped an NSP after a 6-month pilot phase. Despite the protective impact of prison-based NSPs on infection transmission, only 4 EU countries distribute sterile syringes among people who inject drugs in prisons, and coverage of the programs within these countries is very low. Since most prisoners will eventually return to the community, lack of NSPs in EU prisons not only is a threat to the health of prisoners but also endangers public health.
期刊介绍:
Epidemiologic Reviews is a leading review journal in public health. Published once a year, issues collect review articles on a particular subject. Recent issues have focused on The Obesity Epidemic, Epidemiologic Research on Health Disparities, and Epidemiologic Approaches to Global Health.