Magnesium Sulfate Improves Some Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis in Patients Suffering from One or Two Coronary Artery Diseases: A Double-blind Clinical Trial Study.

Purpose: Given the beneficial effect of MgSO₄ on the cardiovascular system, this study was designed to investigate the effect of MgSO₄ administration on suppressing some atherosclerotic risk factors in moderate coronary artery disease patients with one or two atherosclerotic vessels.

Patients and methods: In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial study, 64 patients with moderate coronary artery disease (55-69% stenosis) were selected according to angiography findings. Patients were divided into four groups including patients with one or two atherosclerotic vessels treated with MgSO₄ (Mg-treated-VR1, Mg-treated-VR2, respectively), placebo treated patients with one or two atherosclerotic vessels (Control-VR1, Control-VR2, respectively). The patients received either placebo or MgSO₄ supplement capsule containing 300 mg MgSO₄ for six months on a daily basis. ESR, Ca/Mg ratio, urine Mg level, serum Mg, fibrinogen, homocysteine, uric acid, Na, K, Ca, CRP, T3, T4, TSH, BUN, and Cr concentrations were measured at baseline and every three months.

Results: Serum T3, Ca, K, homocysteine, CRP, and Mg concentrations were significantly improved in Mg-treated groups compared to placebo groups.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that despite the slight change in serum magnesium level, oral administration of MgSO₄for six months could slightly reduce the serum levels of some inflammatory and vascular factors in moderate coronary artery disease patients.