儿童感染性脑炎:临床特征、调查、治疗和最新专利综述。

IF 4.2 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.2174/1872213X14999201124195724
Cheuk C Au, Kam L Hon, Alexander K C Leung, Alcy R Torres
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:传染性脑炎是一种严重且具有挑战性的疾病。本文综述了目前关于急性儿童感染性脑炎的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗和最新专利的文献。方法:以PubMed Clinical Queries为检索引擎,以“脑炎”和“儿童”为关键词,在google.patents中以“脑炎”为关键词检索专利。结果:病毒性脑炎是儿童急性感染性脑炎最常见的病因。在幼儿中,临床表现可以是非特异性的。提供经验性抗菌药物治疗,直到确定特定的感染生物体,在大多数情况下包括阿昔洛韦,是治疗的基石。先进的调查工具,包括基于核酸的检测小组和新一代宏基因组测序,提高了鉴定感染性生物的诊断率。支持治疗包括充足的气道和氧合,液体和电解质平衡,脑灌注压支持和癫痫发作控制。最近的专利与急性感染性脑炎的诊断、治疗和预防有关。结论:病毒性脑炎是儿童急性感染性脑炎最常见的病因,发病率高。了解传染性脑炎的遗传基础和免疫学相关性的最新进展可能会改善治疗。三级诊断测试可纳入临床实践。治疗针对的是感染过程,但主要仍然是支持性的。然而,特定的抗菌剂和疫苗的开发正在进行中。
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Childhood Infectious Encephalitis: An Overview of Clinical Features, Investigations, Treatment, and Recent Patents.

Background: Infectious encephalitis is a serious and challenging condition to manage. This overview summarizes the current literature regarding the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and recent patents of acute childhood infectious encephalitis.

Methods: We used PubMed Clinical Queries as a search engine and used keywords of "encephalitis" AND "childhood" Patents were searched using the key term "encephalitis" in google.patents.- com and patentsonline.com.

Results: Viral encephalitis is the most common cause of acute infectious encephalitis in children. In young children, the clinical manifestations can be non-specific. Provision of empiric antimicrobial therapy until a specific infectious organism has been identified, which in most cases includes acyclovir, is the cornerstone of therapy. Advanced investigation tools, including nucleic acid-based test panel and metagenomic next-generation sequencing, improve the diagnostic yield of identifying an infectious organism. Supportive therapy includes adequate airway and oxygenation, fluid and electrolyte balance, cerebral perfusion pressure support, and seizure control. Recent patents are related to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute infectious encephalitis.

Conclusion: Viral encephalitis is the most common cause of acute infectious encephalitis in children and is associated with significant morbidity. Recent advances in understanding the genetic basis and immunological correlation of infectious encephalitis may improve treatment. Third-tier diagnostic tests may be incorporated into clinical practice. Treatment is targeted at the infectious process but remains mostly supportive. However, specific antimicrobial agents and vaccines development is ongoing.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
0.00%
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期刊介绍: Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery publishes review articles by experts on recent patents in the field of inflammation and allergy drug discovery e.g. on novel bioactive compounds, analogs and targets. A selection of important and recent patents in the field is also included in the journal. The journal is essential reading for all researchers involved in inflammation and allergy drug design and discovery.
期刊最新文献
Meet Our Editorial Board Member Diagnosis of Allergic Reactions to Drugs Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Other Antimicrobial Drugs Biologics: Monoclonal Antibodies for Non-cancer Therapy, Cytokines, Fusion Proteins, Enzymes, and Hormones
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