TRIAD XI: Utilizing simulation to evaluate the living will and POLST ability to achieve goal concordant care when critically ill or at end-of-life-The Realistic Interpretation of Advance Directives.

Objective: Utilize simulation to evaluate if living wills (LW) or POLST achieves goal concordant Care (GCC) in a medical crisis.

Methods: Nurses and resident-physicians from a single center were randomized to a clinical scenario with a living will (LW), physician orders for life sustaining treatment (POLST) or no document. Primary outcomes were resuscitation decision and time to decision. Secondary outcome was the effect of education.

Results: Total enrollment was 57 and less than 30% received prior training. Types of directives were linked to resuscitation decisions (P = .019). Participants randomized to "No Document" or POLST specifying "CPR" performed resuscitation. If a terminal condition presented with a POLST/ do not resuscitate-comfort measures only (DNR-CMO), 73% resuscitated. The LW or POLST specifying DNR combined with medical support resulted in resuscitations in 29% or more of the scenarios. Documents did not significantly affect median time-to-decision (P = .402) but decisions for "No Document" and POLST/CPR were at least 10 s less than other scenarios. Scenarios involving POLST DNR/Limited Treatment had the highest median time of 43 s. Prior training in LWs and POLST exerted a 10% improvement in decision making (P = .537).

Conclusion: GCC was not always achieved with a LW or POLST. This conclusion supports prior research identifying problems with the interpretation and discordance with LW's and POLST.