澳大利亚有效的HPV疫苗接种覆盖率按剂量数和两剂间隔:如果一剂或两剂就足够了呢?

IF 4.7 Q1 VIROLOGY Tumour Virus Research Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200216
Megan A. Smith , Karen Winch , Karen Canfell , Julia ML. Brotherton
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引用次数: 7

摘要

最初,人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗推荐采用三剂接种方案;随后,建议更新为15岁人群两次剂量至少间隔6个月(至少5个月),每次剂量为1。我们的目的是重新估计澳大利亚有效的HPV疫苗接种覆盖率,考虑减少剂量计划和可能的单剂量有效性。我们还旨在确定三种学校访问中哪一种在仅两次剂量的接受者中最常错过,以告知最佳访问时间。方法使用国家疫苗接种登记数据来估计:i) 2017年12月的疫苗接种覆盖率,要么是完整疗程(3次或2次足够间隔的剂量(间隔151天)),要么是至少一次剂量;Ii)对于每个提供疫苗接种的出生队列,最初目标队列中完成整个接种过程或至少一次接种的百分比(反映在提供疫苗时的接种情况);第三,在只注射两次疫苗的接受者中,错过三次学校访问的百分比。结果:包括两次足够间隔剂量的人在内,2017年底在学校接种疫苗的覆盖率提高了1.3-2.8%。包括那些至少接受一次剂量的人,覆盖率进一步提高了6.5-9.5%,这主要是由于包括那些接受多次间隔太近的剂量的人。2002年出生的女性和男性的单剂覆盖率分别达到90.9%和86.9%。在那些在学校只接种了两剂疫苗的人中,错过第一剂疫苗的情况更为常见(31.0%的女性;32.5%男性)或在学年内第三次到访(54.6%女性;男性48.6%),女性14.1%;18.8%的男性)。结论:在澳大利亚,包括两次足够间隔的剂量对HPV疫苗覆盖率的影响非常有限。如果至少接种一剂疫苗就能提供实质性的保护,这些数据表明,以学校为基础的项目目前在这一措施上的覆盖率接近90%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Effective HPV vaccination coverage in Australia by number of doses and two-dose spacing: What if one or two doses are sufficient?

Background

Initially, three-dose schedules were recommended for vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV); subsequently recommendations have been updated to a schedule of two doses delivered at least six (minimum five) months apart for those aged <15 years at dose 1. We aimed to re-estimate effective HPV vaccination coverage in Australia, considering reduced-dose schedules and possible one-dose effectiveness. We also aimed to identify which of the three school visits was most commonly missed amongst two-dose only recipients, to inform optimal timing of visits.

Methods

National vaccination register data were used to estimate: i) vaccination coverage at December 2017, either with a complete course (three or two sufficiently-spaced doses (>151 days apart)), or at least one dose; ii) for each birth cohort offered vaccination, the percentage of the initially targeted cohort with a complete course, or at least one dose (reflecting uptake at the time the vaccine was offered); and iii) among two-dose only recipients, the percentage who missed each of three school visits.

Results

Including those with two sufficiently-spaced doses increased end-2017 coverage by 1.3–2.8% points in those vaccinated at school. Including those with at least one dose increased coverage further, by 6.5–9.5% points, mostly due to including those receiving multiple too-closely-spaced doses. One-dose coverage reached 90.9% and 86.9% in females and males respectively born in 2002.

Among those vaccinated at school who received only two doses, it was much more common to miss the first (31.0% females; 32.5% males) or the third visit in the school year (54.6% females; 48.6% males) than the second (14.1% females; 18.8% males).

Conclusions

Including those with two sufficiently-spaced doses has a very modest impact on HPV vaccine coverage in Australia. If receiving at least one dose offers substantial protection, these data suggest that the school-based program is now achieving close to 90% coverage on this measure.

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来源期刊
Tumour Virus Research
Tumour Virus Research Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
2.30%
发文量
16
审稿时长
56 days
期刊最新文献
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