素食主义,道德动机和虚假意识。

IF 2.2 4区 哲学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-19 DOI:10.1007/s10806-021-09857-0
Susana Pickett
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引用次数: 3

摘要

尽管素食主义在动物权利文献中有很强的论据,以及工业化动物农业带来的环境和其他人类中心主义问题,但素食主义仍然只是少数人的观点。本文从道德心理学和政治错误意识的角度探讨纯素食主义的道德动机问题。我认为,对后马克思主义政治错误意识概念的一种新颖解释,可能有助于理解人们普遍拒绝转向素食主义的原因。具体来说,虚假意识的概念填补了道德心理学概念“无欲”(akrasia)留下的一些解释空白,无欲通常被理解为意志薄弱。我的研究方法的核心观点是,动物剥削在很大程度上是系统性的,道德动机与道德思维是不可分割的。从这个角度来看,采用纯素食主义的主要障碍不是来自于未能将真正的信仰付诸行动,而是来自于对动物的一种共同的、扭曲的思考方式。因此,对素食主义的普遍不加思考的反对可以说是错误意识的表现。
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Veganism, Moral Motivation and False Consciousness.

Despite the strength of arguments for veganism in the animal rights literature, alongside environmental and other anthropocentric concerns posed by industrialised animal agriculture, veganism remains only a minority standpoint. In this paper, I explore the moral motivational problem of veganism from the perspectives of moral psychology and political false consciousness. I argue that a novel interpretation of the post-Marxist notion of political false consciousness may help to make sense of the widespread refusal to shift towards veganism. Specifically, the notion of false consciousness fills some explanatory gaps left by the moral psychological notion of akrasia, often understood to refer to a weakness of will. Central to my approach is the idea that animal exploitation is largely systemic and the assumption that moral motivation is inseparable from moral thinking. In this light, the primary obstacle to the adoption of veganism arises not so much from a failure to put genuine beliefs into action, but rather in a shared, distorted way of thinking about animals. Thus, common unreflective objections to veganism may be said to be manifestations of false consciousness.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
19
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics welcomes articles on ethical issues confronting agriculture, food production and environmental concerns. The goal of this journal is to create a forum for discussion of moral issues arising from actual or projected social policies in regard to a wide range of questions. Among these are ethical questions concerning the responsibilities of agricultural producers, the assessment of technological changes affecting farm populations, the utilization of farmland and other resources, the deployment of intensive agriculture, the modification of ecosystems, animal welfare, the professional responsibilities of agrologists, veterinarians, or food scientists, the use of biotechnology, the safety, availability, and affordability of food.
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