{"title":"酶法提取藏红花花瓣中多酚的工艺优化。","authors":"Alexios Theodoros Vardakas, Vasil Todorov Shikov, Rada Hristova Dinkova, Kiril Mihalev Mihalev","doi":"10.17306/J.AFS.0954","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Saffron tepals are a by-product from the processing of Crocus sativus flowers, whose dried stigmas (saffron spice) are widely used both in the food and health sectors. Saffron tepals are rich in polyphenols, particularly flavonol glycosides and anthocyanins, which are considered to be potent antioxidants. Enzyme-assisted extraction of polyphenols offers several advantages in comparison to conventional methods. The present study evaluated the efficiency of enzyme-assisted extraction as a green technology for recovery of polyphenols from saffron tepals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The by-product was obtained from a saffron producer in the region of Kozani, Greece. A simplex-centroid design was applied to select the enzyme preparations mixture required for aqueous extraction of polyphenolic antioxidants from dried saffron tepals. In addition, the parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme dose and incubation time were optimised using response surface methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The binary combination, comprising cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic preparations (1:1), led to the highest yield of total polyphenols (30.9 g GAE/kg saffron tepals) and total anthocyanins (2.0 g CGE/kg saffron tepals), reaching 45% and 38% higher values, respectively, as compared to the control sample (without enzymatic treatment). The experimental data regarding optimisation of the extraction conditions were fitted to second-degree regression models (R2 = 0.85-0.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The newly developed process may be applied as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional organic solvent extraction, thus supporting valorisation of the saffron industry by-product. The polyphenols recovered could be used as biologically active substances or as natural food ingredients, replacing synthetic additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":7209,"journal":{"name":"Acta scientiarum polonorum. 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引用次数: 8
摘要
背景:藏红花花被片是加工藏红花花的副产品,其干燥的柱头(藏红花香料)广泛用于食品和保健部门。藏红花花被片富含多酚,尤其是黄酮醇苷和花青素,它们被认为是有效的抗氧化剂。与传统方法相比,酶辅助提取多酚具有几个优点。本研究评价了酶法提取藏红花花被中多酚的绿色工艺。方法:从希腊Kozani地区的藏红花生产商处获得副产物。采用单质心设计法对藏红花花被中多酚类抗氧化剂的水提酶制剂进行了优选。此外,利用响应面法对酶解、酶用量、孵育时间等参数进行优化。结果:纤维素水解和半纤维素水解制剂(1:1)的二元组合,总多酚(30.9 g gge /kg藏红花花被片)和总花青素(2.0 g CGE/kg藏红花花被片)的产量最高,分别比未加酶处理的对照样品高45%和38%。优化提取条件的实验数据符合二度回归模型(R2 = 0.85 ~ 0.98)。结论:该工艺可作为传统有机溶剂萃取的环保替代品,从而支持藏红花工业副产品的增值。回收的多酚类物质可作为生物活性物质或天然食品配料,替代人工合成添加剂。
Optimisation of the enzyme-assisted extraction of polyphenols from saffron (Crocus sativus L.) petals.
Background: Saffron tepals are a by-product from the processing of Crocus sativus flowers, whose dried stigmas (saffron spice) are widely used both in the food and health sectors. Saffron tepals are rich in polyphenols, particularly flavonol glycosides and anthocyanins, which are considered to be potent antioxidants. Enzyme-assisted extraction of polyphenols offers several advantages in comparison to conventional methods. The present study evaluated the efficiency of enzyme-assisted extraction as a green technology for recovery of polyphenols from saffron tepals.
Methods: The by-product was obtained from a saffron producer in the region of Kozani, Greece. A simplex-centroid design was applied to select the enzyme preparations mixture required for aqueous extraction of polyphenolic antioxidants from dried saffron tepals. In addition, the parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme dose and incubation time were optimised using response surface methodology.
Results: The binary combination, comprising cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic preparations (1:1), led to the highest yield of total polyphenols (30.9 g GAE/kg saffron tepals) and total anthocyanins (2.0 g CGE/kg saffron tepals), reaching 45% and 38% higher values, respectively, as compared to the control sample (without enzymatic treatment). The experimental data regarding optimisation of the extraction conditions were fitted to second-degree regression models (R2 = 0.85-0.98).
Conclusions: The newly developed process may be applied as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional organic solvent extraction, thus supporting valorisation of the saffron industry by-product. The polyphenols recovered could be used as biologically active substances or as natural food ingredients, replacing synthetic additives.