益生菌和益生元对自闭症谱系障碍胃肠道和行为症状的影响。

José Guevara-Gonzaléz, José Guevara-Campos, Lucía González, Omar Cauli
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引用次数: 1

摘要

背景:自闭症谱系障碍(ASDs)是一组常见的神经精神疾病。它们的病因复杂且未知,在大多数情况下包括脑外显着的外周改变,例如肠道微生物群的组成。由于肠道微生物群参与调节肠-脑轴,一些研究表明,肠道微生物群可以改变能够穿过血脑屏障并调节脑功能的代谢物。方法:我们回顾了目前关于ASD患者微生物群改变的证据,以及益生菌和益生元对这些患者胃肠道和行为症状的影响。结果:服用含有不同乳酸菌菌株(嗜酸乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌等)和双歧杆菌的益生菌制剂对上述症状有有益作用,建议在出现胃肠道紊乱的ASD患者亚组中使用。尽管如此,从这些干预措施中获益最多的胃肠道紊乱类型仍有待阐明,以便个性化医疗方法。结论:最近的临床研究表明,益生菌治疗可以调节肠道微生物群,并可能改善与ASD相关的一些行为异常。使用益生元纤维或合成制剂的试验仍然缺乏,为了深入研究ASD合并胃肠道紊乱的治疗策略,这是必要的。
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The Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gastrointestinal and Behavioural Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a group of prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders. They present a complex and unknown etiology, which in most cases includes significant peripheral alterations outside the brain such as in the composition of gut microbiota. Because the gut microbiota is involved in modulating the gut-brain axis, several studies have suggested that the microbiome in the gut can modify metabolites which are able to cross the blood-brain barrier and modulate brain function.

Methods: We reviewed the current evidence regarding microbiota alterations in patients with ASD and the effects of the administration of probiotics and prebiotics in these patients, both in terms of gastrointestinal and behavioural symptoms.

Results: Administration of a probiotic formulation containing different strains of Lactobacillus (L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, and others) and Bifidobacteria had beneficial effects upon these aforementioned symptoms and their use is recommended in a subgroup of ASD patients that present gastrointestinal disturbances. Nonetheless, the types of gastrointestinal disturbances that most benefit from such interventions remain to be elucidated in order to personalize the medical approaches.

Conclusion: Recent clinical studies have shown that probiotic treatments can regulate the gut microbiota and may result in improvements in some behavioral abnormalities associated with ASD. Trials using prebiotic fibers or synbiotics preparations are still lacking and necessary in order to deep in such therapeutic strategies in ASD with comorbid gastrointestinal disrturbances.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
9.10%
发文量
55
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