Strategies to reduce road traffic injuries among motorcyclists in Dezful, Iran: stressing on legal and environmental factors.

Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) have been eighth leading cause of death in the world and second leading one Iran in 2018. Every year, a large number of motorcycle RTIs lead to deaths and disabilities due to non-compliance with traffic rules and the traditional design of the streets and routes in Dezful, Iran. This study aims to pursue two goals: identifying the legal and environmental factors affecting motorcycle RTIs, and prioritizing effective strategies in reducing number of motorcycle RTIs in Dezful, Iran.

Methods: A mixed method approach was used in this study. In the qualitative phase, focus group meetings using key informants were used to identify the effective factors and in the quantitative one a matrix was used for prioritizing effective strategies in preventing motorcycle RTIs.

Results: 45 basic codes related to legal factors and 8 basic codes of environmental factors were derived from the focus group meetings. Six main legal factors and 3 main environmental factors were prioritized as the most effective strategies to reduce motorcycle RTIs. The legal factors with the highest score were: making visible: obstacles, motorcycles and pedestrians and motorcyclists using colors and stickers or glossy stickers, further monitoring and training of riders' license issuance schools, seriousness in enforcing the laws and dealing legally and seriously with violators, continuous marking of roads and streets, random check of motorcycle riders' license, and construction of public parking lots in crowded zones. The environmental ones were: identifying places where traffic signs are covered with trees, and reporting through the 137 call center, identifying and reporting shoulderless and hazardous roads by municipality, and Identifying and reporting accident-causing potholes through the 137 call center.

Conclusions: All organizations and stakeholders involved in reducing motorcycle RTIs, should take benefit from different recommendation - i.e. education & awareness, law enforcement and legal actions, environmental actions, collaborations, partnerships, and lobbying, and research.