In vitro effects of pentoxifylline and coenzyme Q10 on the sperm of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia patients.

The effect of in-vitro sperm incubation with Pentoxifylline (PTX) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) patients was evaluated. Semen samples were obtained from men with Normozoospermia and men with OAT. Motile sperm from the two groups were subdivided into four subgroups: (i) without incubation with PTX + CoQ10; (ii) incubation with PTX; (iii) Incubation with CoQ10; and (iv) incubation with a combination of PTX + CoQ10. Then, sperm parameters, chromatin, DNA and membrane integrity, protamine deficiency, apoptosis, mitochondrial activity, sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD), hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOS), chromomycin A3 (CMA3), Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL), and diaminobenzidine (DAB) assays were evaluated, respectively. Sperm incubated with CoQ10 and a combination of CoQ10 and PTX resulted in a significant increase in the sperm parameters. Also, a significant decrease was noted with a combination of PTX and CoQ10 in normal men. There was a significant difference between CoQ10 treated and CoQ10 + PTX treated groups in comparison with the OAT group in the percentage of the DNA fragmentation, sperm apoptosis, AB+, HOS test + and sperm mitochondrial activity. Incubated sperm with CoQ10, PTX, and in combination with each other can improve sperm parameters in OAT patients.