Incidence of Restenosis Following Rapamycin or Paclitaxeleluting Stent in Coronary Stent Implantation.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is chiefly characterized by atherosclerosis and plaque formation in coronary arteries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of coronary anatomy as a predictor of restenosis and stent thrombosis in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients 5 years after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: In this prospective study, 1070 patients with stent restenosis or stent thrombosis over past 5 years were enrolled. Coronary angiography was performed to evaluate coronary restenosis and stent thrombosis 5 years after PCI. Stent restenosis was defined as >50% angiographic in-stent lumen reduction. Stent thrombosis was defined as sudden complete occlusion of stent presenting with acute myocardial infarction in that territory. Demographic data, clinical features and anatomic factors were prospectively reviewed. Baseline, procedural, and post-procedural characteristics of patients were recorded for analysis.

Results: Among demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension and diabetes mellitus) and anatomic factors were predictive risk factors for restenosis/thrombosis, p=0.001. The most common site for stent restenosis was proximal to the mid part of the LAD artery, followed by RCA and LCX. A greater diameter of LCX, a greater angle of LM-LAD than LM-LCX and left dominancy increase the incidence of LAD stent restenosis/thrombosis. In this study, the least common restenosis/thrombosis rate in relation to the total number of PCI was in the Ramus intermedius artery.

Conclusion: The outcomes of the study indicated that anatomic factors can predict increased risk of restenosis among CAD patients who underwent PCI.