401(k)计划2010年的资产配置、账户余额和贷款活动。

EBRI issue brief Pub Date : 2011-12-01
Jack VanDerhei, Sarah Holden, Luis Alonso, Steven Bass
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大部分401(K)资产继续投资于股票:平均而言,在2010年底,62%的401(K)参与者的资产通过股票基金、平衡基金的股票部分和公司股票投资于股票证券。33%投资于固定收益证券,如稳定价值投资、债券和货币基金。2010年底,70%的401(K)计划将目标日期基金纳入其投资组合:2010年底,EBRI/ICI 401(K)数据库中11%的资产投资于目标日期基金,36%的401(K)参与者持有目标日期基金。它们也被称为生命周期基金,旨在提供多样化的投资组合,随着时间的推移,这些投资组合会自动重新平衡,更加关注收入。更多的新雇员或新近雇员将他们的401(K)资产投资于平衡基金,包括目标日期基金:例如,在2010年底,20多岁的新雇员账户余额的44%投资于平衡基金,而2009年为42%,1998年约为7%。这类平衡基金的一个重要组成部分是目标日期基金。截至2010年底,最近受雇的20多岁参与者账户余额中有35%投资于目标日期基金,而2009年底这一比例为31%。401(K)计划参与者继续寻求投资多样化:投资于公司股票的401(K)账户份额继续缩小,2010年下降了一个多百分点(降至8%),延续了1999年开始的稳步下降趋势。最近受雇参加401(k)计划的人促成了这一趋势:他们往往不太可能持有雇主的股票。参与者的401(K)贷款余额在2010年略有下降:2010年,所有符合贷款条件的401(K)参与者中有21%的人在他们的401(K)账户上有未偿贷款,与2009年底相比没有变化,比2008年底的18%有所上升。2010年底,未偿贷款平均占剩余账户余额的14%,而2009年底为15%。未偿贷款金额较过去几年略有下降。数据库中2010年底的平均账户余额比前一年高出3.4%,但可能不能准确反映典型的401(K)参与者在2010年的经历:为了了解401(K)参与者的平均账户余额的变化,分析一致参与者的样本很重要。与之前的EBRI/ICI更新一样,对401(k)计划参与者(自2003年以来一直参加同一计划的人)样本的分析预计将于2012年发布。
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401(k) plan asset allocation, account balances, and loan activity in 2010.

THE BULK OF 401(K) ASSETS CONTINUED TO BE INVESTED IN STOCKS: On average, at year-end 2010, 62 percent of 401(k) participants' assets were invested in equity securities through equity funds, the equity portion of balanced funds, and company stock. Thirty-three percent were in fixed-income securities such as stable value investments and bond and money funds. SEVENTY PERCENT OF 401(K) PLANS INCLUDED TARGET-DATE FUNDS IN THEIR INVESTMENT LINEUP AT YEAR-END 2010: At year-end 2010, 11 percent of the assets in the EBRI/ICI 401(k) database were invested in target-date funds and 36 percent of 401(k) participants held target-date funds. Also known as lifecycle funds, they are designed to offer a diversified portfolio that automatically rebalances to be more focused on income over time. MORE NEW OR RECENT HIRES INVESTED THEIR 401(K) ASSETS IN BALANCED FUNDS, INCLUDING TARGET-DATE FUNDS: For example, at year-end 2010, 44 percent of the account balances of recently hired participants in their 20s were invested in balanced funds, compared with 42 percent in 2009, and about 7 percent in 1998. A significant subset of that balanced fund category is target-date funds. At year-end 2010, 35 percent of the account balances of recently hired participants in their 20s were invested in target-date funds, compared with 31 percent at year-end 2009. 401(K) PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED TO SEEK DIVERSIFICATION OF THEIR INVESTMENTS: The share of 401(k) accounts invested in company stock continued to shrink, falling by more than a percentage point (to 8 percent) in 2010, continuing a steady decline that started in 1999. Recently hired 401(k) participants contributed to this trend: They tended to be less likely to hold employer stock. PARTICIPANTS' 401(K) LOAN BALANCES DECLINED SLIGHTLY IN 2010: In 2010, 21 percent of all 401(k) participants who were eligible for loans had loans outstanding against their 401(k) accounts, unchanged from year-end 2009, and up from 18 percent at year-end 2008. Loans outstanding amounted to 14 percent of the remaining account balance, on average, at year-end 2010, compared with 15 percent at year-end 2009. Loan amounts outstanding declined slightly from those in the past few years. THE YEAR-END 2010 AVERAGE ACCOUNT BALANCE IN THE DATABASE WAS 3.4 PERCENT HIGHER THAN THE YEAR BEFORE, BUT MAY NOT ACCURATELY REFLECT THE EXPERIENCE OF TYPICAL 401(K) PARTICIPANTS IN 2010: To understand changes in 401(k) participants' average account balances, it is important to analyze a sample of consistent participants. As with previous EBRI/ICI updates, analysis of a sample of consistent 401(k) participants (those that have been in the same plan since 2003) is expected to be published in 2012.

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