Liisa Uusitalo, Jaakko Nevalainen, Ossi Rahkonen, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Hannu Saarijärvi, Mikael Fogelholm, Tomi Lintonen
{"title":"授权销售烈性饮料后,从杂货店购买酒精的变化:以2018年芬兰酒精立法改革为例。","authors":"Liisa Uusitalo, Jaakko Nevalainen, Ossi Rahkonen, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Hannu Saarijärvi, Mikael Fogelholm, Tomi Lintonen","doi":"10.1177/14550725221082364","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> The Finnish alcohol law was reformed in January 2018. The availability of alcoholic beverages in grocery stores increased as the legal limit for retail sales of alcoholic drinks was raised from 4.7% to 5.5% alcohol, and the requirement of production by fermentation was abolished. We analysed how the inclusion of strong beers, ciders, and ready-to-drink beverages in grocery stores was reflected in alcohol purchases, and how these changes differed by age, sex, level of education and household income. <b>Design:</b> The study sample included 47,066 loyalty card holders from the largest food retailer in Finland. The data consisted of longitudinal, individual-level information on alcohol purchases from grocery stores, covering the time period between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. The volumes of absolute alcohol during a calendar year from beers, ciders, ready-to-drink beverages, and in total, were calculated. Alcohol purchases in 2017 and 2018 were compared. <b>Results:</b> There was no overall change in the total alcohol (0.04 [95% CI -0.03, 0.11] litres/year) or beer purchases (-0.05 [95% CI -0.11, 0.02] litres/year). Purchases of ready-to-drink beverages increased by 0.10 [95% CI 0.09, 0.11] litres/year (+ 84%). Total alcohol purchases increased in the three highest income groups, whereas they decreased in the two lowest groups (<i>p</i> for the interaction < 0.0001). <b>Conclusions:</b> The increased purchases of alcohol as ready-to-drink beverages were, on the average, compensated for by a decrease in purchases of other alcoholic beverages. Higher prices probably limited the purchases among lower income groups and younger consumers, while the increase was sharper in higher income groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"39 6","pages":"589-604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9703366/pdf/","citationCount":"5","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Changes in alcohol purchases from grocery stores after authorising the sale of stronger beverages: The case of the Finnish alcohol legislation reform in 2018.\",\"authors\":\"Liisa Uusitalo, Jaakko Nevalainen, Ossi Rahkonen, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Hannu Saarijärvi, Mikael Fogelholm, Tomi Lintonen\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/14550725221082364\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> The Finnish alcohol law was reformed in January 2018. The availability of alcoholic beverages in grocery stores increased as the legal limit for retail sales of alcoholic drinks was raised from 4.7% to 5.5% alcohol, and the requirement of production by fermentation was abolished. We analysed how the inclusion of strong beers, ciders, and ready-to-drink beverages in grocery stores was reflected in alcohol purchases, and how these changes differed by age, sex, level of education and household income. <b>Design:</b> The study sample included 47,066 loyalty card holders from the largest food retailer in Finland. The data consisted of longitudinal, individual-level information on alcohol purchases from grocery stores, covering the time period between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. The volumes of absolute alcohol during a calendar year from beers, ciders, ready-to-drink beverages, and in total, were calculated. Alcohol purchases in 2017 and 2018 were compared. <b>Results:</b> There was no overall change in the total alcohol (0.04 [95% CI -0.03, 0.11] litres/year) or beer purchases (-0.05 [95% CI -0.11, 0.02] litres/year). Purchases of ready-to-drink beverages increased by 0.10 [95% CI 0.09, 0.11] litres/year (+ 84%). Total alcohol purchases increased in the three highest income groups, whereas they decreased in the two lowest groups (<i>p</i> for the interaction < 0.0001). <b>Conclusions:</b> The increased purchases of alcohol as ready-to-drink beverages were, on the average, compensated for by a decrease in purchases of other alcoholic beverages. Higher prices probably limited the purchases among lower income groups and younger consumers, while the increase was sharper in higher income groups.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":46180,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs\",\"volume\":\"39 6\",\"pages\":\"589-604\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9703366/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"5\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"90\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725221082364\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"社会学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/5/16 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"SUBSTANCE ABUSE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725221082364","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/5/16 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"SUBSTANCE ABUSE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
摘要
目的:芬兰于2018年1月对酒精法进行了改革。由于酒精饮料的法定零售限量从4.7%提高到5.5%,并且取消了发酵生产的要求,杂货店的酒精饮料供应增加了。我们分析了杂货店中烈性啤酒、苹果酒和即饮饮料是如何反映在酒精购买上的,以及这些变化是如何因年龄、性别、教育水平和家庭收入而不同的。设计:研究样本包括芬兰最大的食品零售商的47,066名会员卡持有者。这些数据包括从杂货店购买酒精的纵向个人信息,涵盖2017年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间。计算了一年中啤酒、苹果酒、即饮饮料和饮料总量的绝对酒精含量。比较了2017年和2018年的酒类购买情况。结果:总酒精量(0.04 [95% CI -0.03, 0.11]升/年)或啤酒购买量(-0.05 [95% CI -0.11, 0.02]升/年)没有总体变化。即饮饮料的购买量每年增加0.10升[95%置信区间0.09,0.11](+ 84%)。在三个收入最高的群体中,酒精总购买量增加了,而在两个收入最低的群体中,购买量减少了(p < 0.0001)。结论:平均而言,作为即饮饮料的酒精购买量的增加被其他酒精饮料购买量的减少所补偿。较高的价格可能限制了低收入群体和年轻消费者的购买,而高收入群体的增长更为明显。
Changes in alcohol purchases from grocery stores after authorising the sale of stronger beverages: The case of the Finnish alcohol legislation reform in 2018.
Aims: The Finnish alcohol law was reformed in January 2018. The availability of alcoholic beverages in grocery stores increased as the legal limit for retail sales of alcoholic drinks was raised from 4.7% to 5.5% alcohol, and the requirement of production by fermentation was abolished. We analysed how the inclusion of strong beers, ciders, and ready-to-drink beverages in grocery stores was reflected in alcohol purchases, and how these changes differed by age, sex, level of education and household income. Design: The study sample included 47,066 loyalty card holders from the largest food retailer in Finland. The data consisted of longitudinal, individual-level information on alcohol purchases from grocery stores, covering the time period between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. The volumes of absolute alcohol during a calendar year from beers, ciders, ready-to-drink beverages, and in total, were calculated. Alcohol purchases in 2017 and 2018 were compared. Results: There was no overall change in the total alcohol (0.04 [95% CI -0.03, 0.11] litres/year) or beer purchases (-0.05 [95% CI -0.11, 0.02] litres/year). Purchases of ready-to-drink beverages increased by 0.10 [95% CI 0.09, 0.11] litres/year (+ 84%). Total alcohol purchases increased in the three highest income groups, whereas they decreased in the two lowest groups (p for the interaction < 0.0001). Conclusions: The increased purchases of alcohol as ready-to-drink beverages were, on the average, compensated for by a decrease in purchases of other alcoholic beverages. Higher prices probably limited the purchases among lower income groups and younger consumers, while the increase was sharper in higher income groups.