Bell-Shaped Refractive Index Profiles of Multimode Optical Fibers and Method for Calculating Their Optical Properties

Optical properties of multimode fibers with refractive index profiles represented by a wide class of bell-shaped analytical functions are investigated. We consider profiles with different curvatures, which are described by functions such as the Fermi–Dirac distributions, Gaussian, cycloid, and a family of hyperbolic functions. Main approaches to determining the solutions to the eigenvalue problem are described. Comparative analysis of optical properties of a set of fiber modes is presented, and their advantages and disadvantages in fiber-optic data transmission systems are considered.