Maryam Golmohammadi, Mohammadreza Mahmoudian, Ekhlas Khammas Hasan, Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani, Rosario Mireya Romero-Parra, Jitendra Malviya, Ahmed Hjazi, Mazin A. A. Najm, Abbas F. Almulla, Mohammad Yasin Zamanian, Mona Kadkhodaei, Nazanin Mousavi
{"title":"利鲁唑对阿尔茨海默病的神经保护作用：综述。","authors":"Maryam Golmohammadi, Mohammadreza Mahmoudian, Ekhlas Khammas Hasan, Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani, Rosario Mireya Romero-Parra, Jitendra Malviya, Ahmed Hjazi, Mazin A. A. Najm, Abbas F. Almulla, Mohammad Yasin Zamanian, Mona Kadkhodaei, Nazanin Mousavi","doi":"10.1111/fcp.12955","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Despite several hundred clinical trials of drugs that initially showed promise, there has been limited clinical improvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This may be attributed to the existence of at least 25 abnormal cellular pathways that underlie the disease. It is improbable for a single drug to address all or most of these pathways, thus even drugs that show promise when administered alone are unlikely to produce significant results. According to previous studies, eight drugs, namely, dantrolene, erythropoietin, lithium, memantine, minocycline, piracetam, riluzole, and silymarin, have been found to target multiple pathways that are involved in the development of AD. Among these drugs, riluzole is currently indicated for the treatment of medical conditions in both adult patients and children and has gained increased attention from scientists due to its potential in the excitotoxic hypothesis of neurodegenerative diseases.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drugs on AD based on cellular and molecular mechanisms.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>The literature search for this study utilized the Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant articles.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Riluzole exerts its effects in AD through diverse pathways including the inhibition of voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels, blocking AMPA and NMDA receptors and inhibiting the release of glutamic acid release and stimulation of EAAT1-EAAT2.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>In this review article, we aimed to review the neuroprotective properties of riluzole, a glutamate modulator, in AD, which could benefit patients with the disease.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":12657,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Neuroprotective effects of riluzole in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review\",\"authors\":\"Maryam Golmohammadi, Mohammadreza Mahmoudian, Ekhlas Khammas Hasan, Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani, Rosario Mireya Romero-Parra, Jitendra Malviya, Ahmed Hjazi, Mazin A. A. Najm, Abbas F. Almulla, Mohammad Yasin Zamanian, Mona Kadkhodaei, Nazanin Mousavi\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/fcp.12955\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>Despite several hundred clinical trials of drugs that initially showed promise, there has been limited clinical improvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This may be attributed to the existence of at least 25 abnormal cellular pathways that underlie the disease. It is improbable for a single drug to address all or most of these pathways, thus even drugs that show promise when administered alone are unlikely to produce significant results. According to previous studies, eight drugs, namely, dantrolene, erythropoietin, lithium, memantine, minocycline, piracetam, riluzole, and silymarin, have been found to target multiple pathways that are involved in the development of AD. Among these drugs, riluzole is currently indicated for the treatment of medical conditions in both adult patients and children and has gained increased attention from scientists due to its potential in the excitotoxic hypothesis of neurodegenerative diseases.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objective</h3>\\n \\n <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drugs on AD based on cellular and molecular mechanisms.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>The literature search for this study utilized the Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant articles.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Riluzole exerts its effects in AD through diverse pathways including the inhibition of voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels, blocking AMPA and NMDA receptors and inhibiting the release of glutamic acid release and stimulation of EAAT1-EAAT2.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>In this review article, we aimed to review the neuroprotective properties of riluzole, a glutamate modulator, in AD, which could benefit patients with the disease.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12657,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-09-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fcp.12955\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fcp.12955","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuroprotective effects of riluzole in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review
Background
Despite several hundred clinical trials of drugs that initially showed promise, there has been limited clinical improvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This may be attributed to the existence of at least 25 abnormal cellular pathways that underlie the disease. It is improbable for a single drug to address all or most of these pathways, thus even drugs that show promise when administered alone are unlikely to produce significant results. According to previous studies, eight drugs, namely, dantrolene, erythropoietin, lithium, memantine, minocycline, piracetam, riluzole, and silymarin, have been found to target multiple pathways that are involved in the development of AD. Among these drugs, riluzole is currently indicated for the treatment of medical conditions in both adult patients and children and has gained increased attention from scientists due to its potential in the excitotoxic hypothesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drugs on AD based on cellular and molecular mechanisms.
Methods
The literature search for this study utilized the Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant articles.
Results
Riluzole exerts its effects in AD through diverse pathways including the inhibition of voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels, blocking AMPA and NMDA receptors and inhibiting the release of glutamic acid release and stimulation of EAAT1-EAAT2.
Conclusion
In this review article, we aimed to review the neuroprotective properties of riluzole, a glutamate modulator, in AD, which could benefit patients with the disease.
期刊介绍：
Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology publishes reports describing important and novel developments in fundamental as well as clinical research relevant to drug therapy. Original articles, short communications and reviews are published on all aspects of experimental and clinical pharmacology including:
Antimicrobial, Antiviral Agents
Autonomic Pharmacology
Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Cellular Pharmacology
Clinical Trials
Endocrinopharmacology
Gene Therapy
Inflammation, Immunopharmacology
Lipids, Atherosclerosis
Liver and G-I Tract Pharmacology
Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics
Neuropharmacology
Neuropsychopharmacology
Oncopharmacology
Pediatric Pharmacology Development
Pharmacoeconomics
Pharmacoepidemiology
Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics
Pharmacovigilance
Pulmonary Pharmacology
Receptors, Signal Transduction
Renal Pharmacology
Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Toxicopharmacology
Clinical research, including clinical studies and clinical trials, may cover disciplines such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacogenomics and pharmacoeconomics. Basic research articles from fields such as physiology and molecular biology which contribute to an understanding of drug therapy are also welcomed.
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