在暴露于被杀死的真菌后,Pseudacris regilla变态获得了对树状蜡染虫的抗性。

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI:10.3354/dao03753
Taegan A McMahon, Caitlin L Nordheim, Sarah E Detmering, Pieter T J Johnson, Jason R Rohr, David J Civitello
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引用次数: 0

摘要

致病性真菌树状蝙蝠(Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis,Bd)与全球两栖动物数量急剧下降有关。预防性暴露于杀死的游动孢子及其产生的可溶性化学物质(Bd代谢产物)可以诱导成年古巴树蛙对Bd的获得性抗性。在这里,我们让第二个物种的变质蛙,太平洋合唱蛙Pseudacris regilla,在活的Bd暴露之前接受两种预防性治疗之一:用代谢产物杀死Bd游动孢子,单独杀死游动孢子,或水控制。与对照蛙相比,先前暴露于含有代谢物的杀死的Bd游动孢子可使变质太平洋合唱蛙的Bd感染强度降低60.4%。有趣的是,以前单独暴露于杀死的游动孢子的变质物的Bd强度与对照变质物的大小没有差异,也与用杀死的游动芽孢和代谢物处理的变质物没有差异。先前的研究表明,单独的Bd代谢产物可以诱导蝌蚪的获得性抗性,因此这些发现共同表明,可溶性Bd代谢物可能含有驱动这种抗性表型的免疫调节成分。我们的研究结果通过鉴定第二种两栖动物物种(太平洋合唱蛙)和一个额外的两栖动物生命阶段(变质蛙)来扩大这项预防工作的普遍性,这些两栖动物在代谢产物暴露后可以获得对Bd的抗性。这项工作增加了人们对Bd代谢产物预防可能在两栖动物物种和生命阶段广泛有效的希望。
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Pseudacris regilla metamorphs acquire resistance to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis after exposure to the killed fungus.

The pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is associated with drastic global amphibian declines. Prophylactic exposure to killed zoospores and the soluble chemicals they produce (Bd metabolites) can induce acquired resistance to Bd in adult Cuban treefrogs Osteopilus septentrionalis. Here, we exposed metamorphic frogs of a second species, the Pacific chorus frog Pseudacris regilla, to one of 2 prophylactic treatments prior to live Bd exposures: killed Bd zoospores with metabolites, killed zoospores alone, or a water control. Prior exposure to killed Bd zoospores with metabolites reduced Bd infection intensity in metamorphic Pacific chorus frogs by 60.4% compared to control frogs. Interestingly, Bd intensity in metamorphs previously exposed to killed zoospores alone did not differ in magnitude relative to the control metamorphs, nor to those treated with killed zoospores plus metabolites. Previous work indicated that Bd metabolites alone can induce acquired resistance in tadpoles, and so these findings together indicate that it is possible that the soluble Bd metabolites may contain immunomodulatory components that drive this resistance phenotype. Our results expand the generality of this prophylaxis work by identifying a second amphibian species (Pacific chorus frog) and an additional amphibian life stage (metamorphic frog) that can acquire resistance to Bd after metabolite exposure. This work increases hopes that a Bd-metabolite prophylaxis might be widely effective across amphibian species and life stages.

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来源期刊
Diseases of aquatic organisms
Diseases of aquatic organisms 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
53
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: DAO publishes Research Articles, Reviews, and Notes, as well as Comments/Reply Comments (for details see DAO 48:161), Theme Sections and Opinion Pieces. For details consult the Guidelines for Authors. Papers may cover all forms of life - animals, plants and microorganisms - in marine, limnetic and brackish habitats. DAO''s scope includes any research focusing on diseases in aquatic organisms, specifically: -Diseases caused by coexisting organisms, e.g. viruses, bacteria, fungi, protistans, metazoans; characterization of pathogens -Diseases caused by abiotic factors (critical intensities of environmental properties, including pollution)- Diseases due to internal circumstances (innate, idiopathic, genetic)- Diseases due to proliferative disorders (neoplasms)- Disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention- Molecular aspects of diseases- Nutritional disorders- Stress and physical injuries- Epidemiology/epizootiology- Parasitology- Toxicology- Diseases of aquatic organisms affecting human health and well-being (with the focus on the aquatic organism)- Diseases as indicators of humanity''s detrimental impact on nature- Genomics, proteomics and metabolomics of disease- Immunology and disease prevention- Animal welfare- Zoonosis
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