甲状腺缺乏症与认知障碍的血液生物标志物之间的关系。

Neuro endocrinology letters Pub Date : 2023-07-05
Dheyaa Obaid Alamara, Leila Sadeghi, Gholamreza Dehghan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:甲状腺激素在代谢调节和昼夜节律控制中起着重要作用。最近的研究证实了它们在中枢神经系统(CNS)的正常发育和健康功能中的作用。甲状腺是下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴的一个组成部分,在甲状腺毒症和甲状腺功能减退症期间被破坏,这两种主要的临床状况会导致更多的痴呆相关疾病。方法:在第一步中,本研究评估了甲状腺功能亢进和甲状腺功能减退患者的神经肽Y(NPY)、瘦素、催产素和加压素的循环水平。在第二步中,我们通过评估甲状腺缺陷样本中的标志性蛋白质和肽,如淀粉样蛋白β(Aβ)变体、糖原合成酶激酶3β(GSK-3β)和tau蛋白,来研究神经和认知异常。结果:结果显示甲状腺功能减退症患者的瘦素含量增加,同时也表现出高水平的血管加压素。甲状腺的低激活和过度激活伴随着环状催产素的减少。我们可以得出结论,甲状腺缺乏症与神经激素失调有关。有趣的是,与对照组相比,两组患者的Aβ40和Aβ42水平均显著升高,同时还伴有GSK-3β的升高;这可能被解释为胆碱能系统功能障碍和认知障碍。结果显示,与对照组相比,甲状腺毒症患者的tau含量显著增加,但甲状腺功能减退症患者的tau含量没有显著变化。结论:因此,我们的研究结果表明,甲状腺功能障碍是认知障碍的危险因素,主要是通过神经内分泌失调。本研究提供了甲状腺功能亢进/甲状腺功能减退与血清中神经异常生物标志物之间的关系。
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The relationship between thyroid deficiency and blood-based biomarkers of cognitive disorders.

Objective: Thyroid hormones play an essential role in metabolism regulation and circadian rhythm control. Recent studies approved their role in normal development and healthy function of central nervous system (CNS). The thyroid gland is a component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis disrupted during thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism, two main clinical conditions that induce more liability against dementia-related disease.

Method: In the first step, this study evaluated the circular level of neuropeptide Y (NPY), leptin, oxytocin, and vasopressin in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism patients. In the second step, we investigated neurological and cognitive abnormalities by assessment of the hallmark proteins and peptides such as amyloid β (Aβ) variants, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), and tau protein in thyroid-deficient samples.

Results: The results show increased content of leptin hormone in patients with hypothyroidism who also manifested high levels of vasopressin. Underactivation and overactivation of the thyroid gland are accompanied by reduced circular oxytocin. We may conclude that thyroid deficiency is associated with neurohormone dysregulation. Interestingly, both patient groups exhibited significant increases in Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels relative to the control group, which was also accompanied by the rise in GSK-3β; this might be interpreted as cholinergic system dysfunction and cognitive impairment. The results revealed tau content increased considerably in thyrotoxicosis but did not change significantly in hypothyroidism compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Therefore, our results have shown that thyroid gland dysfunction is a risk factor for cognitive impairment, mainly through neuroendocrine dysregulation. This study provides a relationship between hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism and biomarkers of neurological abnormalities in blood serum.

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