南非非传染性疾病预防政策中健康的社会决定因素。

Richard M Rasesemola, Rose M Mmusi-Phetoe, Yolanda Havenga
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:南非政府制定了许多预防和控制非传染性疾病的政策。然而,非传染性疾病仍然是南非发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。尽管这些疾病与多种风险因素的相互作用有关,其中许多风险因素是可以改变的,但它们继续造成巨大痛苦,尤其是在边缘化人群和社会经济地位较低的人群中。目的:本研究的目的是探索和介绍将健康的社会决定因素纳入南非非传染性疾病预防和控制政策的情况,结果:分析显示,预防和控制癌症、肥胖以及精神和行为障碍的政策包括政策干预活动,重点关注健康的五个社会决定因素:(1)治理、(2)社会政策、(3)公共政策、(4)物质环境和(5)卫生系统。结论:在预防和控制非传染性疾病的政策中排除大多数重要的健康社会决定因素,意味着这些政策将继续无法从根本上预防这些疾病。贡献:这篇文章指出了旨在预防和控制肥胖、癌症以及精神和行为障碍的政策的弱点。本文进一步提出了可以考虑有效解决这些疾病的政策改进策略。
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Social determinants of health in non-communicable diseases prevention policies in South Africa.

Background:  The South African government has developed many policies for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. However, non-communicable diseases remain among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in South Africa. Although these diseases are linked to interaction of multiple risk factors, many of which are modifiable, they continue to cause much suffering particularly among the marginalised and people from the lower socio-economic status.

Objectives:  The objective of this research was to explore and present the inclusion of social determinants of health in the policies meant for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in South Africa.

Method:  The qualitative document analysis approach was used to conduct policy analysis of purposefully selected policies for prevention and control of cancers, obesity and mental and behavioural disorders in South Africa.

Results:  The analysis revealed that policies for prevention and control of cancers, obesity and mental and behavioural disorders included policy intervention activities that focused on five social determinants of health: (1) governance, (2) social policies, (3) public policies, (4) material circumstances and (5) health system.

Conclusion:  Excluding most of the important social determinants of health in the policies for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases means that these policies would continue to fail in preventing these diseases from the root causes.Contribution: This article points out weaknesses in the policies meant for prevention and control of obesity, cancers and mental and behavioural disorders. This article further suggests policy improvement strategies that may be considered to effectively address these diseases.

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