噬菌体和纳米技术:对抗多药耐药细菌的新见解。

Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences 生物设计研究(英文) Pub Date : 2023-01-16 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.34133/bdr.0004
Marco Pardo-Freire, Pilar Domingo-Calap
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引用次数: 4

摘要

细菌感染是世界范围内人类医疗系统的主要威胁,因为耐多药菌株的出现使抗生素的效果越来越差。因此,有必要探索非传统的抗菌替代品,以支持快速干预和对抗致病菌的传播。新的非抗生素方法正在开发中,其中许多是在物理学、纳米技术和微生物学的界面上。虽然物理因素(如压力、温度和紫外线)通常用于杀菌过程,但纳米颗粒和噬菌体(细菌病毒)也用于对抗致病菌。特别是,由于噬菌体无与伦比的特异性和高杀菌活性,基于噬菌体的治疗正在兴起。尽管噬菌体在临床病例中主要作为同情用途取得了成功,但仍有一些缺点需要解决,主要与它们的稳定性、生物利用度和全身给药有关。将噬菌体与纳米颗粒结合可以提高其体内性能。因此,纳米技术和噬菌体的结合可能为快速准确地检测生物样本中的细菌(诊断和分型)提供工具,并开发将噬菌体的选择性与靶向治疗(如光热消融或光动力治疗)的功效相结合的抗微生物剂。在这篇综述中,我们的目的是概述基于噬菌体的纳米技术如何代表对抗多重耐药细菌的进步。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Phages and Nanotechnology: New Insights against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Bacterial infections are a major threat to the human healthcare system worldwide, as antibiotics are becoming less effective due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Therefore, there is a need to explore nontraditional antimicrobial alternatives to support rapid interventions and combat the spread of pathogenic bacteria. New nonantibiotic approaches are being developed, many of them at the interface of physics, nanotechnology, and microbiology. While physical factors (e.g., pressure, temperature, and ultraviolet light) are typically used in the sterilization process, nanoparticles and phages (bacterial viruses) are also applied to combat pathogenic bacteria. Particularly, phage-based therapies are rising due to the unparalleled specificity and high bactericidal activity of phages. Despite the success of phages mostly as compassionate use in clinical cases, some drawbacks need to be addressed, mainly related to their stability, bioavailability, and systemic administration. Combining phages with nanoparticles can improve their performance in vivo. Thus, the combination of nanotechnology and phages might provide tools for the rapid and accurate detection of bacteria in biological samples (diagnosis and typing), and the development of antimicrobials that combine the selectivity of phages with the efficacy of targeted therapy, such as photothermal ablation or photodynamic therapies. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of how phage-based nanotechnology represents a step forward in the fight against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

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CiteScore
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