压力下的语言属地性

IF 0.4 4区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Language Problems & Language Planning Pub Date : 2021-11-24 DOI:10.1075/lplp.00074.bur
Till Burckhardt, J. Coakley, L. Marácz
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本文重新审视了一个众所周知的二分法(“领土”和“个人”原则),并对国家方法进行了四要素分类(从少数民族语言使用者的角度来看,从最慷慨到最具威胁性)。本文考察了地理上分散或空间上集中的特定语言使用者分布模式对语言政策的影响。我们首先探索关于语言政策的一般文献,特别关注地域和个人原则,在城市和其他次国家层面使用“门槛规则”,以及通常是社会语言学复杂性的结果的混合语言制度。我们考虑在多大程度上对整个欧洲的语言多样性的反应可以通过参考这些原则和类别来理解。我们解释了为什么我们选择了特定的案例研究(波罗的海共和国、特兰西瓦尼亚、瑞士、比利时和爱尔兰)作进一步探讨。我们得出的结论是,尽管我们考虑的类型学很有价值,但现实生活中的情况几乎总是更复杂,各州实施的政策可能会随着时间的推移而改变,并且可能根据不同的原则对待不同的语言少数群体。
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Linguistic territoriality under stress
This article revisits a well-known dichotomy (the ‘territorial’ and ‘personal’ principles) and develops a four-element classification of state approaches (from the most generous to the most menacing, from the perspective of speakers of minority languages). The article examines the implications for language policy of geographically dispersed or spatially concentrated patterns of distribution of speakers of particular languages. We begin by exploring the general literature on language policy, focusing in particular on the territorial and personal principles, the use of ‘threshold rules’ at municipal and other subnational levels, and the hybrid language regimes that are often a consequence of sociolinguistic complexity. We consider the extent to which responses to linguistic diversity across Europe may be understood by reference to these principles and categories. We explain why we have selected particular case studies (the Baltic republics, Transylvania, Switzerland, Belgium and Ireland) for further exploration. We conclude that, notwithstanding the value of the typologies we consider, real-life cases are almost invariably more complex, with states implementing policies that defy categorisation, that may change over time, and that may treat different language minorities by reference to different principles.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
16.70%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: Language Problems and Language Planning is published in cooperation with the Center for Research and Documentation on World Language Problems. This international multi-lingual journal publishes articles primarily on political, sociological, and economic aspects of language and language use. It is especially concerned with relationships between and among language communities, particularly in international contexts, and in the adaptation, manipulation, and standardization of language for international use.
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