乌拉尔中部的药用植物群-获得药物的潜在来源

Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Drug Development and Registration Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI:10.33380/2305-2066-2021-10-4(1)-32-36
A. Turyshev, V. D. Belonogova, A. Orlova, K. O. Sidorov, A. Skornyakova
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引用次数: 2

摘要

介绍。药用植物原料是用于预防和治疗多种疾病的草药最重要的来源之一[1,2]。即使随着现代科学和化学的发展,药用植物原料在民间和官方医学中被广泛使用。药用植物的优点是生物活性范围广,毒性低,可以长期使用而无明显副作用。人类经济活动对野生植物的状况产生了明显的负面影响:它们的储量正在减少,有些物种完全消失了。今天,由于工业和农业的高度发展,采购野生药用植物的原料并不总是可能的。关于乌拉尔中部野生药用植物原料基础的定量评价资料,药用植物原料中生物活性物质的含量部分落后,这决定了对其进行系统资源研究和化学生药学研究的必要性。乌拉尔中部野生药用植物种群状况的综合评价。材料和方法。根据普遍接受的方法,在特定灌丛中对所研究的药用植物进行了原料储量的测定。在采集原料样品时,采用宏观方法确定原料的真伪。在研究过程中,制备了5种药用植物样品。根据俄罗斯联邦第十四版国家药典的方法和要求,对药用植物原料的主要质量指标(活性物质和萃取物含量、干燥后质量体的水分、总灰分和不溶于10%盐酸溶液的灰分)进行了测定和评价。以苦艾和益母草为原料,采用重量法测定其提取物的含量。采用加氢蒸馏法定量评价了芡实和枳壳中挥发油的含量。采用分光光度法定量测定金丝桃、苦艾、益母草中总黄酮和丹参花中总黄酮和酚羧酸的含量。结果和讨论。在对中乌拉尔地区代表性药用植物区系进行资源和植物化学研究的过程中,对野生药用植物种群状况进行了综合评价——药用植物原料来源(Origani vulgaris herba、Hyperici herba、Tanaceti vulgaris flowers、Artemisiae absinthii herba和Leonuri herba)。结果纳入乌拉尔中部野生药用植物电子目录。所进行的综合研究将允许更新有关乌拉尔中部药用植物群的信息,以便使用原料来制造药物。
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Medicinal flora of the Middle Urals – a prospective source of obtaining medicines
Introduction. Medicinal plant raw materials are one of the most important sources of herbal remedies used both for the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases [1, 2]. Even with the development of modern science and chemistry, medicinal plant raw materials are widely used in both folk and official medicine. The advantage of medicinal plants is their wide range of biological activity, low toxicity and the possibility of long-term use without significant side effects. Human economic activity has a noticeable negative effect on the condition of wild-growing plants: their stocks are decreasing, and some species disappear altogether. Today, given the high level of development of industry and agriculture, the procurement of raw materials for wild medicinal plants is not always possible. Information on the quantitative assessment of the raw material base of wild medicinal plants in the Middle Urals, the content of biologically active substances in medicinal plant raw materials is partially outdated, which determines the need for their systemic resource study and chemical-pharmacognostic study.Aim. Comprehensive assessment of the state of populations of wild medicinal plants in the Middle Urals.Materials and methods. Determination of stocks of raw materials of the studied species of medicinal plants was carried out on specific thickets according to the generally accepted method. The authenticity of the raw materials was established by a macroscopic method when collecting raw material samples. In the course of the study, samples of medicinal plant materials of 5 types were prepared. The determination and assessment of the main indicators of the good quality of medicinal plant raw materials (the content of active and extractive substances, moisture in the mass upon drying, total ash and ash insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid) was carried out according to the methods and requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV edition. In the raw materials Artemisiae absinthii herba and Leonuri herba, the amount of extractives was determined by the gravimetric method. The quantitative assessment of the content of essential oil in the samples of Origani vulgaris herba and Tanaceti vulgaris flores was carried out by the method of hydrodistillation. To determine the quantitative content of the sum of flavonoids in Hyperici herba, Artemisiae absinthii herba, Leonuri herba and the sum of flavonoids and phenolcarboxylic acids in Tanaceti vulgaris flores, a spectrophotometric method was used.Results and discussion. In the course of resource and phytochemical studies of representatives of the medicinal flora of the Middle Urals, a comprehensive assessment of the state of populations of wild medicinal plants – sources of medicinal plant raw materials (Origani vulgaris herba, Hyperici herba, Tanaceti vulgaris flores, Artemisiae absinthii herba and Leonuri herba) was carried out. The results are included in the electronic inventory of wild medicinal plants of the Middle Urals.Conclusion. The conducted complex of studies will allow updating information about the medicinal flora of the Middle Urals in order to use raw materials for the creation of medicines.
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来源期刊
Drug Development and Registration
Drug Development and Registration Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
61
审稿时长
8 weeks
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