Microbial Siderophore as MMP inhibitor:An interactive approach on wound healing application

Iron is the most essential element found in the environment, but it is difficult to assimilate by microorganisms. Acquisition of iron from the environment became more complicated as iron (II) in the presence of oxygen oxidized to iron (III) oxide and hydroxide, becoming insoluble at neutral pH. To overcome this situation microorganisms produce organic molecules known as siderophore. The primary function of siderophore is to bind with iron (II) and making it soluble and enabling cellular uptake. Apart from iron molecules, these siderophore have an ability to chelate various other metal ions which paved a way to concentrate the application of siderophore towards wound care products. The trend of using siderophore and their derivatives received much attention for the few decades due its potential applications not only in wound care products, but also in various fields like environment, medicine and biotechnology. The antimicrobial activity and zinc²⁺ chelating activity of these siderophore correlated with reduction of microbial load and the inhibition of MMPs and at the wound sites. The aim of this literature survey is to discuss about siderophore and their importance as an MMP inhibitor on wound healing.