{"title":"军事战争武器保障下基于广义Petersen图的经济保障水平估算","authors":"Deepika Rajoriya, D. Shukla","doi":"10.59170/stattrans-2023-016","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Several countries of the world are involved in mutual and collaborative business\n of military equipments, weapons in terms of their production, sales, technical\n maintenance, training and services. As a consequence, manufacturing of boms, rockets,\n missiles and other ammunitions have taken structured and smooth shape to help others\n where and when needed. Often the military support among countries remain open for\n information to the media, but sometime remain secret due to the national security and\n international political pressure. Such phenomenon (hidden or open support ) is a part of\n military supply chain and could be modeled like a Petersen graph considering vertices as\n countries and edges as economic bonds. For a large graphical structure, without\n sampling, it is difficult to find out average economic bonding (open & secret)\n between any pair of countries involved in the military business or support. This paper\n presents a sample based estimation methodology for estimating the mean economic bond\n value among countries involved in the military support or business. Motivation to the\n problem is derived from current Russia-Ukraine war situation and a kind of hidden\n support to war by NATO countries. A node sampling procedure is proposed whose bias,\n mean-squared error and other properties are derived. Results are supported with\n empirical studies. Findings are compared with particular cases and confidence intervals\n are used as a basic tool of comparison. Pattern imputation is used together with a new\n proposal of CIImputation method who has been proved useful for filling the missing\n value, specially when secret economic support data from involved countries found\n missing. The current undergoing war between Ukraine and Russia and secret weapon,\n economic support from NATO countries is an application of the proposed methodology\n contained in this paper. Key words: Graph, Petersen Graph, Estimator, Bias, Mean Squared\n Error (MSE), Optimum Choice, Confidence intervals (CI), Nodes (vertices), Pattern\n Imputation, CI-Imputation (LLimputation and UL-imputation), Economic Bonds, Military\n War, Weapon Support","PeriodicalId":37985,"journal":{"name":"Statistics in Transition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Under military war weapon support the economic bond level estimation using\\n generalized Petersen graph with imputation\",\"authors\":\"Deepika Rajoriya, D. Shukla\",\"doi\":\"10.59170/stattrans-2023-016\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Several countries of the world are involved in mutual and collaborative business\\n of military equipments, weapons in terms of their production, sales, technical\\n maintenance, training and services. As a consequence, manufacturing of boms, rockets,\\n missiles and other ammunitions have taken structured and smooth shape to help others\\n where and when needed. Often the military support among countries remain open for\\n information to the media, but sometime remain secret due to the national security and\\n international political pressure. Such phenomenon (hidden or open support ) is a part of\\n military supply chain and could be modeled like a Petersen graph considering vertices as\\n countries and edges as economic bonds. For a large graphical structure, without\\n sampling, it is difficult to find out average economic bonding (open & secret)\\n between any pair of countries involved in the military business or support. This paper\\n presents a sample based estimation methodology for estimating the mean economic bond\\n value among countries involved in the military support or business. Motivation to the\\n problem is derived from current Russia-Ukraine war situation and a kind of hidden\\n support to war by NATO countries. A node sampling procedure is proposed whose bias,\\n mean-squared error and other properties are derived. Results are supported with\\n empirical studies. Findings are compared with particular cases and confidence intervals\\n are used as a basic tool of comparison. Pattern imputation is used together with a new\\n proposal of CIImputation method who has been proved useful for filling the missing\\n value, specially when secret economic support data from involved countries found\\n missing. The current undergoing war between Ukraine and Russia and secret weapon,\\n economic support from NATO countries is an application of the proposed methodology\\n contained in this paper. Key words: Graph, Petersen Graph, Estimator, Bias, Mean Squared\\n Error (MSE), Optimum Choice, Confidence intervals (CI), Nodes (vertices), Pattern\\n Imputation, CI-Imputation (LLimputation and UL-imputation), Economic Bonds, Military\\n War, Weapon Support\",\"PeriodicalId\":37985,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Statistics in Transition\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-02-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Statistics in Transition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.59170/stattrans-2023-016\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"Mathematics\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Statistics in Transition","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.59170/stattrans-2023-016","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Mathematics","Score":null,"Total":0}
Under military war weapon support the economic bond level estimation using
generalized Petersen graph with imputation
Several countries of the world are involved in mutual and collaborative business
of military equipments, weapons in terms of their production, sales, technical
maintenance, training and services. As a consequence, manufacturing of boms, rockets,
missiles and other ammunitions have taken structured and smooth shape to help others
where and when needed. Often the military support among countries remain open for
information to the media, but sometime remain secret due to the national security and
international political pressure. Such phenomenon (hidden or open support ) is a part of
military supply chain and could be modeled like a Petersen graph considering vertices as
countries and edges as economic bonds. For a large graphical structure, without
sampling, it is difficult to find out average economic bonding (open & secret)
between any pair of countries involved in the military business or support. This paper
presents a sample based estimation methodology for estimating the mean economic bond
value among countries involved in the military support or business. Motivation to the
problem is derived from current Russia-Ukraine war situation and a kind of hidden
support to war by NATO countries. A node sampling procedure is proposed whose bias,
mean-squared error and other properties are derived. Results are supported with
empirical studies. Findings are compared with particular cases and confidence intervals
are used as a basic tool of comparison. Pattern imputation is used together with a new
proposal of CIImputation method who has been proved useful for filling the missing
value, specially when secret economic support data from involved countries found
missing. The current undergoing war between Ukraine and Russia and secret weapon,
economic support from NATO countries is an application of the proposed methodology
contained in this paper. Key words: Graph, Petersen Graph, Estimator, Bias, Mean Squared
Error (MSE), Optimum Choice, Confidence intervals (CI), Nodes (vertices), Pattern
Imputation, CI-Imputation (LLimputation and UL-imputation), Economic Bonds, Military
War, Weapon Support
期刊介绍:
Statistics in Transition (SiT) is an international journal published jointly by the Polish Statistical Association (PTS) and the Central Statistical Office of Poland (CSO/GUS), which sponsors this publication. Launched in 1993, it was issued twice a year until 2006; since then it appears - under a slightly changed title, Statistics in Transition new series - three times a year; and after 2013 as a regular quarterly journal." The journal provides a forum for exchange of ideas and experience amongst members of international community of statisticians, data producers and users, including researchers, teachers, policy makers and the general public. Its initially dominating focus on statistical issues pertinent to transition from centrally planned to a market-oriented economy has gradually been extended to embracing statistical problems related to development and modernization of the system of public (official) statistics, in general.