改进恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊断和治疗的临床前研究进展:综述

Onco Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI:10.3390/onco1020006
Ben Johnson, Kenneth Lee, Y. Cheng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

恶性胸膜间皮瘤(MPM)是一种罕见的侵袭性肺衬里癌症,主要与石棉的职业暴露有关。MPM每年导致全球数千人死亡,MPM的中位生存期为8-14个月。临床上可用于有效诊断MPM的生物标志物有限,通常需要侵入性活检程序来提供明确的诊断。由于MPM疾病表现的潜伏期较长,癌症在诊断时通常处于晚期,治疗方案在控制疾病进展方面基本无效。先前基于MPM的临床前研究在确定石棉致癌的确切分子机制方面取得了重大进展。探索侵入性较小的血液生物标志物和治疗策略,包括靶向治疗、免疫疗法和病毒治疗,尤其重要。这些领域的研究对于提高新的诊断生物标志物和治疗策略进入临床试验并最终进入临床环境的比率至关重要。这篇综述全面总结了以前和现在的临床前研究进展,这些进展特别有助于提高对MPM疾病生物学的理解,以及开发新的诊断生物标志物和治疗策略。
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Pre-Clinical Research Advancements Relating to Improving the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Review
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, aggressive cancer of the lung lining that is predominantly associated with occupational exposure to asbestos. MPM is responsible for thousands of deaths worldwide every year, with the median survival of MPM of 8–14 months. There are limited biomarkers available in the clinic to effectively diagnose MPM, an invasive biopsy procedure is usually required to provide a definitive diagnosis. Due to the long latency period associated with MPM disease presentation, the cancer is usually at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis where treatment options are largely ineffective at controlling disease progression. Previous MPM-based pre-clinical studies have made significant strides in determining the exact molecular mechanisms associated with asbestos carcinogenesis. Exploring less invasive blood-based biomarkers and treatment strategies involving targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and virotherapy is particularly important. Research in these areas is of crucial importance in relation to improving the rate of novel diagnostic biomarkers and treatment strategies progressing through to clinical trials and ultimately into the clinical setting. This review comprehensively summarises both previous and current pre-clinical research developments that have specifically contributed to an improved understanding of MPM disease biology, and the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and treatment strategies.
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