金属结构焊缝的分形维数和多重分形分析

V. V. Holovko, O. Shtofel
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文以高强度低合金钢焊缝为例,研究了金属组织中非金属夹杂物含量与分形维数之间的关系。尽管金属的质量由其结构决定,但目前微观结构的参数如晶粒组成、,在开发过程中,界面(焊接接头)的微观结构和结构/物体在载荷条件下的性能似乎过于复杂和模糊,无法进行理论和现象学描述。在相变过程中,特别是在电弧焊条件下,控制微观结构形成的机制和因素还没有得到全面的理解,而电弧焊条件目前还远未达到平衡特征。基于平衡热力学原理的传统概念,尤其不允许回答有关孤立相出现一种或另一种形态的原因的问题,也不允许充分评估动力学因素在结构状态形成问题中的决定作用。该问题最困难的部分是对冷却轨迹的依赖,即使在更简单的情况下,与焊接工艺相比,冷却轨迹也更接近平衡条件。焊接结构形成的管理和现有结构中故障位置的确定与结构正确描述的需要有关。真实金属或焊缝结构的复杂性是合成用于结构计算机辅助设计和预测其性能的适当模型的主要障碍。分形形式,特别是结构的分形和多重分形参数化,原则上可以成为选择真实焊缝结构的适当数值模型的基础,这对于结构的计算机设计和性能预测是必要的。非金属夹杂物的影响可能具有负面性质,甚至构成严重危险,因为应力集中可能超过材料的极限值,因此夹杂物可能成为破坏的焦点。关键词:分形,夹杂物,微观结构,孕育剂,维度,协同作用。
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Fractal dimension and multifractal analysis of the welds of metal structure
In the paper, the results of the investigation of the connection between the content of non-metallic inclusions in the metal structure and the fractal dimension on the example of welds of high-strength, low-alloy steels. The work expediency is justified by the fact that, although the quality of the metal is determined by its structure, currently the relationship between such parameters of the microstructure as the grain composition, the microstructure of the interphase boundaries (for welded joints) and the performance of the structure/object under load conditions during exploitation seems too complex and ambiguous for theoretical and phenomenological description. There is no comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms and factors that control the formation of microstructures during phase transformations, especially in the conditions of electric arc welding, which are far from equilibrium characteristicsat the present time. Traditional concepts based on the principles of equilibrium thermodynamics and it doesn’t allow, in particular, to answer questions about the reasons for the appearance of one or another morphology of the isolated phases, as well as to adequately assess the determining role of kinetic factors in the problem of the formation of the structural state.The most difficult part of the problem isthe dependence on the cooling trajectory, which even in simpler cases, closer to equilibrium conditions compared to welding processes. Management of the structure formation of welds and determination of the location of failure in existing structures are connected with the need for a correct description of the structure. The complexity of the structure of real metals or welds is the main obstacle to the synthesis of adequate models for computer-aided design of the structure and prediction of their properties. Fractal formalism, in particular, fractal and multifractal parameterization of structures, can in principle become the basis for choosing adequate numerical models of structures of real welds, necessary for computer design of structures and prediction of their properties. The influence of non-metallic inclusions can have a negative character and even pose a serious danger, since the stress concentration can exceed the limit values for the material and the inclusion, therefore, can become a focus of destruction. Keywords: fractal, inclusion, microstructure, inoculants, dimensionality, synergy.
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发文量
15
审稿时长
8 weeks
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