埃及前王朝时期的河马狩猎:重新评估考古学证据

IF 0.7 4区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY ARCHAEOFAUNA Pub Date : 2020-07-29 DOI:10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.009
S. F. Maydana
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在埃及历史的大部分时间里,狩猎河马作为一种图像主题得到了广泛的证实。从古王国早期到罗马时代,埃及的私人和皇家陵墓都在墙上展示了这些图像。这个主题经常在前突触主义的图像学中被描绘,但由于它的一些特殊性,一些作者认为河马实际上并没有被杀死,而是被活捉了。几十年过去了,考古和考古动物学的证据都大大增加了。我们现在有足够的来源来重新评估证据库,以揭穿或认可这些假设。与证实这一点特别相关的是在Hierakonpolis发现的一具幼河马遗骸,显示出被圈养在村庄的迹象。此外,研究作者没有考虑到的证据,如民族历史研究和最新的考古动物发现,也是有帮助的。这项研究的结果似乎表明,事实上,杀死河马确实发生在狩猎探险期间,因为活着运送河马是危险的。此外,图像证据作为实际事件的叙事应该受到质疑,并被理解为具有象征性质。
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Hippopotamus hunting in Predynastic Egypt: Reassessing Archaeozoological evidence
Hippopotamus hunting as an iconographical motif is widely attested during most of Egyptian history. Both private and royal Egyptian tombs spanning from early Old Kingdom to Roman times show these images in their walls. The motif was often depicted in Predynastic iconography but, due to some of its particularities, some authors suggested that hippopotami were, in fact, not killed but rather captured alive. Decades have passed, and evidence both ar- chaeological and archaeozoological has since grown significantly. We now have enough sources to reassess the corpus of evidence to debunk or ratify such hypotheses. Particularly relevant to confirm these was the finding at Hierakonpolis of a young hippopotamus’ remains showing signs of having been kept captive in the village. Moreover, it is helpful to examine evidence not taken into account by the authors such as ethnohistorical research and the latest archaeozoological find- ings. The outcome of this research seems to suggest that the killing of hippopotami did, in fact, take place during hunting expeditions, due to the danger of transporting the beasts alive. Further- more, the idea of iconographic evidence as a narrative of actual events should be challenged and understood instead as being one of symbolic nature.
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ARCHAEOFAUNA
ARCHAEOFAUNA ARCHAEOLOGY-
CiteScore
0.90
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期刊介绍: ARCHAEOFAUNA publica trabajos originales relacionados con cualquier aspecto del estudio de restos animales recuperados en yacimientos arqueológicos.
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