农业用地上蜥蜴的发生及其保护意义

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Herpetological Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI:10.33256/31.2.7784
M. Biaggini
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引用次数: 6

摘要

农业集约化是影响全世界陆生爬行动物的主要威胁之一。然而,缺乏关于这些脊椎动物在农业景观中的生态学信息。诸如耕地发生模式之类的基本信息是评估动物受到农业管理驱动的威胁影响的可能性的关键。我们对意大利壁虎(Podarcis siculus)进行了实地研究,以详细评估其在葡萄园和谷物田两种栽培中的分布和丰度。与节肢动物区系组成和多样性(在同一地区分析)以及管理活动无关,不同土地利用方式下蜥蜴的分布和丰度存在显著差异。在谷物田,蜥蜴只出现在田地边缘,而在葡萄园,它们也出现在耕地的内部,即使它们在边界附近更丰富。在葡萄园中蜥蜴的广泛存在表明,P. siculus可能能够适应这样的栽培区域。这在一定程度上降低了葡萄园种植造成的栖息地丧失的影响,但使动物面临与管理活动相关的风险,包括机械操作和化学应用。相比之下,被播种的土地作为极其简化的栖息地,其主要结果是蜥蜴无法在其中定居的栖息地的最终丧失,而由管理驱动的威胁暴露的程度不如葡萄园直接。
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Occurrence of lizards in agricultural land and implications for conservation
Agriculture intensification is among one of the major threats affecting terrestrial reptiles worldwide. There is however a lack of information available on the ecology of these vertebrates in agricultural landscapes. Basic information like the pattern of occurrence in cultivated fields is key to assess the probability of an animal being affected by threats driven by agricultural managing. Focussing on the Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus), we performed a field study to assess in detail its distribution and abundance in two cultivations, vineyards and cereal fields. Lizard distribution and abundance significantly varied among land uses, regardless of the arthropod fauna composition and diversity (analysed in the same fields), and the management activities. In the cereal fields, lizards were present exclusively along the field margins while in the vineyards they also occurred in the inner portions of the cultivated areas, even if they were more abundant next to the borders. The widespread presence of lizards in the vineyards suggest that P. siculus can likely adapt to such cultivated areas. This partly lowers the effect of habitat loss due to vineyard planting but exposes animals to the risks related to management activities, including mechanical practices and chemical application. In contrast, the presence of sowed lands, as extremely simplified habitats, results primarily in a definitive loss of habitat for lizards that are unable to settle within them, while the exposure to threats driven by management is less direct than in vineyards.
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来源期刊
Herpetological Journal
Herpetological Journal 生物-动物学
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
10.00%
发文量
25
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Herpetological Journal is the Society''s prestigious quarterly scientific journal.
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