社论:内源性大麻素在突触可塑性、奖赏和成瘾中的新作用

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI:10.3389/fnsyn.2022.898090
J. G. Edwards, L. Cristino, Dan P Covey
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引用次数: 0

摘要

内源性大麻素(eCBs)是脂质信号分子,通常以逆行方式工作。最常见的eCBs是2-花生酰甘油(2-AG)和阿那达明,它们结合受体,如大麻素受体1(CB1)和CB2。内源性大麻素信号控制整个中枢神经系统的突触传递,并在调节中边缘奖赏回路的活动和行为中发挥重要作用,包括腹侧被盖区(VTA)、伏隔核(NAc)和外侧缰核(LHb)。在这些地区,eCB系统对于正常的奖励学习以及药物滥用和成瘾背后的一些不适应行为至关重要。最近鉴定的脂质信号传导eCB样分子现在也被理解为塑造中边缘系统功能和奖励相关行为。鉴于最近世界各地的医用或娱乐大麻合法化,进一步阐明eCB系统如何促进奖励和成瘾尤其重要。大麻的主要精神活性成分是-9-四氢大麻酚(THC),它能结合CB1。四氢大麻酚的常见影响是短期记忆丧失、食欲刺激和奖励。关于四氢大麻酚的使用,特别是青少年使用的影响,还有很多需要研究,重点是eCB系统功能和行为变化的长期改变。需要进一步的研究来阐明内源性eCB系统的作用,以及外源性CB1或CB2靶向药物对中边缘功能的影响,包括突触可塑性,以支持奖励行为和成瘾。本研究主题关注中边缘回路中的内源性eCB系统功能,重点关注突触可塑性、奖励行为、新型eCB样分子和疼痛。
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Editorial: The Emerging Role of Endocannabinoids in Synaptic Plasticity, Reward, and Addiction
Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are lipid-signaling molecules that often work in a retrograde fashion. Themost common eCBs are 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and anandamide, which bind receptors such as cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and CB2. Endocannabinoid signaling controls synaptic transmission throughout the central nervous system, and is important in modulating activity and behavior in the mesolimbic reward circuit, including the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and lateral habenula (LHb). In these regions, the eCB system is essential for normal reward learning and for some maladaptive behaviors underlying drug abuse and addiction. Recently identified lipid-signaling eCB-like molecules are also now understood to shape mesolimbic system function and reward-related behaviors. Further elucidating how the eCB system contributes to reward and addiction is especially pertinent given the recent legalization ofmedicinal or recreationalmarijuana throughout the world. Themajor psychoactive component inmarijuana is1-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which binds CB1. Common effects of THC are short-termmemory loss, appetite stimulation, and reward. There is still much to investigate concerning THC use, particularly the impact of adolescent use, with a focus on long-term alterations in eCB system function and behavioral changes. Further research is required to clarify the role of the endogenous eCB system, and the effect of exogenous CB1 or CB2targeting drugs on mesolimbic function, including synaptic plasticity, to support reward behaviors and addiction. This Research Topic focuses on endogenous eCB system function in the mesolimbic circuit with an emphasis on synaptic plasticity, reward behavior, novel eCB-like molecules, and pain.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
2.70%
发文量
74
审稿时长
14 weeks
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