Comparison of the Activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Human Placental Gonadotropin Method with Platelet-Rich Plasma on Pregnancy Success Rate after Embryo Transfer

Background and Objective: According to the results of some studies, peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated with human placental gonadotropin increase the success rate of pregnancy in infertile women. This study aimed to compare the effect of two treatment methods of peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated with human placental gonadotropin and platelet-rich plasma on the success rate of pregnancy after embryo transfer. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 females with repeated implantation failure who were candidates for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and referred to Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, in 2019. Subsequently, they were randomly assigned to two groups of A and B. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated with human placental gonadotropin were utilized in group A, and group B received platelet -rich plasma autologous blood before transfusion. The incidence of chemical and clinical pregnancies was measured in both groups. Moreover, the data were analyzed in Stata software (version 14), and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean ages and duration of the infertility of the females were 32.5 and 34.4 years (P=0.203), as well as 9.1 and 8.5 years (P=0.747) in groups A and B, respectively. Moreover, the mean numbers of the obtained ovum, embryos formed, and transferred embryos were 15.4±11.5 and 12.9±8.9 (P=0.439), 7.1±6.2 and 5.8±3.8 (P=0.427), as well as 2.3±0.7 and 2.3±0.6 (P=1.00) in groups A and B, respectively. Furthermore, the rates of chemical pregnancies were 15% and 25% (P=0.619), and clinical pregnancies were 15% and 20% (P=0.581) in groups A and B, respectively. Conclusion: The administration of human placental gonadotropin-activated peripheral blood cells showed similar results on pregnancy outcome with platelet-rich plasma after an embryo transfer in females who were candidates for IVF with repeated implantation failure.