Development of Garlic Oral Beads using Garlic Nanoparticles and Studies on their Protective Effects Against Avian Coccidiosis

In this paper, new oral beads were developed for poultry applications using garlic nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were synthesized using water in oil micro-emulsion method and it was confirmed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The biocompatibility was evaluated by using the chicken blood, chicken intestinal cell line and the results indicated that the particles are highly safe. The oral beads were formulated using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose phthalate as polymer protective layer and specifically dissolved in pH 6.5 and released the NPs at the intestine. To study their impacts, the chickens were fed with beads starting day 3 after hatching, and their weight was recorded. To study the anti-parasitic effect, the chickens were challenged with Eimeria species. The active treatments with oral beads effectively cure the intestinal damages triggered by the Eimeria species and improved the chicken weight. The prophylactic treatment 100% protects chicken against Eimeria infection and increased the body weight.