多拉和洛约拉之后宪章的新用途

IF 0.3 Q3 LAW ALBERTA LAW REVIEW Pub Date : 2018-10-09 DOI:10.29173/alr2498
Edward Cottrill
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引用次数: 2

摘要

Doré和Loyola确认,行政决策者有义务平衡《宪章》保护的法定目标和价值观。在一些案例中,决策者权衡了有争议问题双方的《宪章》保护和价值观。有时,这是《宪章》对国家的不同限制之间的真正冲突。在其他情况下,《宪章》价值观甚至《宪章》权利被发现站在国家行动一边,为违反《宪章》的国家行为提供支持和理由。这种情况挑战了对《宪章》性质和作用的正统理解。在这篇文章中,作者在一个广泛的古典自由主义模式中描述了《宪章》的正统观点;也就是说,这是对国家的约束,影响政府而非私人行为,是少数独立的积极权利的来源。然后,作者描述了多雷之前对这些基本规则的例外情况,并对比了行政决策者通过多雷和洛约拉规定的平衡对《宪章》的使用,指出了结果或分析对我们《宪章》正统概念的挑战。然后,文章将这些发展置于当代对正统自由宪政在加拿大的相关性的讨论中。
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Novel Uses of the Charter Following Doré and Loyola
Doré and Loyola affirmed that administrative decision-makers have a duty to balance statutory aims and values protected by the Charter. In several cases, decision-makers have weighed Charter protections and values on both sides of a contested issue. Sometimes this is a matter of a genuine conflict between different Charter restraints on the state. In other situations, Charter values or even Charter rights have been found to weigh on the side of state action, providing support and justification for an otherwise Charter-infringing state act. Such cases challenge an orthodox understanding of the Charter’s nature and role. In this article, the author describes the orthodox view of the Charter within a broadly classical liberal model; that is, as being a restraint on the state, as affecting government rather than private conduct, and as being a source of few free-standing positive entitlements. The author then describes the pre-Doré exceptions to these basic precepts and contrasts the uses made of the Charter by administrative decision-makers via the balancing prescribed in Doré and Loyola, noting where the outcome or analysis has challenged an orthodox conception of our Charter. The article then situates these developments within contemporary discussions of the relevance of orthodox liberal constitutionalism in Canada.
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