HLA-matched allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy in treating a relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient with high tumor burden

The genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown remarkable clinical efficacy in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Nonetheless, it is difficult to harvest adequate autologous T cells to manufacture potent CAR-T cell products in patients with high tumor burden and prior tumor-reductive treatment. Here we reported a relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient with high leukemia burden and central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The patient responded to donor-derived HLA-matched allogeneic CAR-T treatment, with the achievement of quick complete remission. And for the first time, we revealed the development of a cerebral CRS in situ after allogeneic CAR-T therapy.