Relaciones filogenéticas de especies de Phaseolus de México con base en marcadores de ADN cloroplástico

maximum likelihood, Bayesian analysis of posterior probabilities). The results indicated that the Phaseolus genus is a monophyletic group that is subdivided into two main lineages: a first clade formed by P. pluriflorus , P. esperanzae , P. pedicellatus , P. microcarpus , P. glabellus , P. oligospermus , P. gladiolatus , P. zimapanensis , and P. albiviolaceus ; and a second clade that includes P. filiformis , P. acutifolius , P. vulgaris , P. coccineus , P. macvaughii , P. leptostachyus , P. lunatus , P. maculatus , P. maculatifolius , and P. rotundatus . The topology of the subclades was in general agreement with the topology for Phaseolus recognized to date. Of the species not previously studied, P. albiviolaceus belongs to the Pedicellatus group according to its morphology, but here it was located at Tuerckheimii group; P. maculatifolius and P. rotundatus were included in the Polystachios group. The ancestral clade of the Phaseolus species showed an age of 4.95 M.a. and the diversification of the two main clades exhibited similar age (3.8 M.a). The divergence between P. albiviolaceus and P. zimapanensis was 0.07 M.a. while between P. rotundatus and P. maculatifolius it was 0.31 M.a.