有机太阳能电池中的电荷解离——从Onsager和Frenkel到现代模型

IF 6.1 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Chemical physics reviews Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI:10.1063/5.0099986
Dan Liraz, N. Tessler
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引用次数: 9

摘要

有机太阳能电池已经发展了三十年。向前发展通常需要适用于当前使用的材料和设备架构的有用模型的帮助。电荷产生中最不为人所知的部分是激子离解的第一步,人们提出了新的或改进的模型。然而,今天的许多问题在几乎整整一个世纪前就已经被问过了。我们回到了20世纪30年代,试图在平等的基础上批判性地审查重大贡献。我们发现,Onsager和Frenkel的模型有着相似的基础,但它们是为适应非常不同的材料(溶液中的离子与半导体中的电子)而开发的。Braun或Onsager–Braun模型的贡献可能被认为是错误的,但它对该领域的发展起到了重要作用。社区实际上忽略了最有前景的模型之一(Arkhipov–Baranovskii)。热激子离解有很多方面,因为“热”是一个相对术语和/或热量以不同的方式(电子、振动等)储存。熵的考虑有助于简化图片,但与全3D模型相比,它们没有增加物理性质。我们希望,通过强调各种模型的物理画面和基本假设,人们可以将其作为下一代模型的垫脚石。
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Charge dissociation in organic solar cells—from Onsager and Frenkel to modern models
Organic-based solar cells have developed for the last three decades. Moving forward generally requires the assistance of useful models that are adapted to currently used materials and device architectures. The least understood part of the charge generation is the first step of the exciton dissociation, and new or refined models are being suggested. However, many of today's questions have been asked before, going back almost an entire century. We have gone to the 1930s and attempted to critically review significant contributions on equal footing. We find that Onsager's and Frenkel's models have a similar foundation but were developed to suit very different materials (ions in solutions vs electrons in semiconductors). The contribution by Braun or the Onsager–Braun model can be considered wrong, yet it was instrumental for the field's development. The community practically ignores one of the most promising models (Arkhipov–Baranovskii). Hot exciton dissociation has many faces due to “hot” being a relative term and/or the heat being stored in different ways (electronic, vibronic, etc.). Entropy considerations are instrumental in simplifying the picture, yet they add no physics compared to the full-3D models. We hope that by emphasizing the physical picture of the various models and the underlying assumptions, one could use them as a stepping stone to the next generation models.
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