注定要沦为奴隶?教友派对1836年夏威夷科罗亚种植园雇佣劳动的人道主义批判

IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Labour History Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI:10.5263/labourhistory.113.0079
Audrey Peyper
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引用次数: 1

摘要

1836年6月,来自夏威夷考艾岛科洛亚种植园的贵格会教徒丹尼尔和查尔斯·惠勒的“关心的旅行者”的人道主义证词,使制糖种植园早期的工资劳工制度出现了问题。尽管新引入的工资制度是由常驻传教士和创始公司旨在将种植园工人从现有的封建义务中解放出来的,但惠勒夫妇声称,在新制度下就业的夏威夷土著人正被强加一种不同形式的“奴隶制”。贵格会人道主义出版物是在19世纪30年代中期“改革时代”保护主义和废奴主义热情的氛围中出版的,反映了当代对土著人口和英国解放后劳动条件的更广泛关注。本文通过考察惠勒夫妇在夏威夷外资糖种植园制度形成时期对科洛亚的批评,为1836年在考艾岛条件下赚取工资是否将科洛亚种植园工人排除在奴隶制之外这一关键问题提供了一个新的视角。
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Bound for slavery? A quaker humanitarian critique of waged labour at Koloa plantation, Hawaii, 1836
The humanitarian testimonials of the "concerned travellers," Quakers Daniel and Charles Wheeler, from Koloa Plantation on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai in June 1836, problematised the early years of the sugar plantation’s wage labour system. Although the newly introduced wage system was intended by the resident missionaries and the founding company to liberate the plantation labourers from existing feudal obligations, the Wheelers claimed a different form of "slavery" was being imposed on the indigenous Hawaiians employed within the new system. Produced in a climate of protectionist and abolitionist fervour in the mid-1830s "age of reform," the Quaker humanitarian publications reflected wider contemporary concerns for indigenous populations and post-British emancipation labour conditions. Through examination of the Wheelers’ critique of Koloa in the formative years of Hawaii’s foreign-owned sugar plantation system, this article contributes a new perspective on the critical question of whether earning wages under the conditions at Kauai in 1836 excluded the Koloa Plantation labourer from slavery.
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Labour History
Labour History Multiple-
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
16.70%
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5
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