“Clinical Profile of Neonates with Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Factors Predicting Prolonged Paracetamol Treatment and Outcome” – A retrospective Study

Introduction: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) comprises 5%–10% of all congenital heart diseases, excluding premature infants. It is more common in females than in males. Clinical evidence of PDA appears in 45% of neonates with a birth weight of <1750 g and in about 80% of neonates with a birth weight of <1200 g. Significant PDA occurs in 15% of premature infants with a birth weight of <1750 g and in 40%–50% of those with a birth weight of <1500 g. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective, observational, descriptive, record-based study conducted in the department of neonatology of our medical college from March 2015 to April 2020. All the clinical parameters, echo details, and treatment histories were obtained from the patients' case records and were analyzed. Results: In the present study, a total of 56 cases of hemodynamically significant PDA were evaluated. Thirty-seven of them had primary closure, 17 of them had secondary closure, and 2 of them had no closure. Conclusion: From the present study, we conclude that the larger the size of PDA, the longer is the duration for closure. The presence of complications such as pulmonary hemorrhage and prolonged ventilation were associated with delayed closure.